The Relation between Theory and Practice in Muslim Sages＇ Thoughts in the Third and Fourth Hijra Centuries and Its Effects on Concept of Craft （Sana＇at） and Art in Islamic Civilization

作     者：Hasan Bolkhari Ghehi 

作者机构：Tehran University 

出 版 物：《Journal of Philosophy Study》 (哲学研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2013年第3卷第6期

页      码：517-528页

摘      要：Farabi defines ＂Ilm al-Hiyal＂ （mechanic） in Ihsa al-Ulum as ＂knowing a way by which, human can adjust all of the concepts that have been proved in mathematics with verification to exotic objects, and helps their states in exotic objects to be carried＂. He believes this will be recognized and be attained by craft （sana＇at, art）. This was the common view in Islamic wisdom and philosophy in third and fourth Hijra centuries （9 ＆ 10 CE）. Researchers believe that the unique emphasis on parallelism between theoretical science and practical work is an important feature of Baghdad school and affected Islamic visual culture. Baghdad school had been affected by translation. In this way, Ikhwan-al-Safa, whom wrote the first encyclopedia of science in Islamic culture, had a very efficient role. They devised geometry into intellectual and sensual ones in the second part of their book, al-Rasa-el, and considered intellectual geometry as one of the middle philosophy and recognition and understanding factor for meaning of sensual geometry evidences. They insisted on basic situation of intellectual geometry in guidance of whom, want to learn intellectual things from sensual ones. They knew intellectual geometry as the factor for requiring skill in scientific crafts （sana＇at）, and sensual geometry as the factor of practical crafts, and made a vast relation between them. They also defined end of intellectual geometry understanding the base of all sciences and the main factor of wise, essence of self （nafs）. Important feature of Ikhwan-al-Safa＇s wisdom is omitting the gap between theory and practice, making a vast relation between them, which affected the meaning of crafts in Islamic culture, and rendered a spiritual feature to crafts and arts. It seems this relation has created the concept of traditional arts, and integrating wisdom and crafts in Iranian-Islamic culture constructed all of the Fotowat-Nam e （book of Chivalry）. This article reviews the concept, which affiliates theory an

主 题 词：philosophy art Islamic civilization theory practice 

学科分类：01[哲学] 13[艺术学] 0101[哲学-哲学类] 1301[艺术学-艺术学理论类] 010107[010107] 

馆 藏 号：203550482...