摘要：In this paper, we theoretically and numerically study a combined monopole–dipole measurement mode to show its capability to overcome the issues encountered in conventional single-well imaging, i.e., the low signal-to-noise ratio of the reflections and azimuth ambiguity. First, the azimuth ambiguity, which exists extensively in conventional single-well imaging, is solved with an improved imaging procedure using combined monopole–dipole logging data in addition to conventional logging data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the direct waves propagating along the boreholes with strong energy, can be effectively eliminated with the proposed combined monopole–dipole measurement mode. The reflections are therefore predominant in the combined monopole–dipole data even before the signals are filtered; thus, the reflections' arrival times in each receiver are identified, which may help minimize the difficulties in filtering conventional logging data. The optimized processing flow of the combined measurement mode logging image is given in this paper. The proposed combined monopole–dipole measurement mode may improve the accuracy of single-well imaging.

摘要：中央将北方地区冬季清洁取暖确立为重大民心工程与民生工程,地热供暖迎来重要发展机遇,利用地热进行供暖将成为我国冬季雾霾问题的重要解决方案之一。通过调研发现,美国的地热集中供暖相对于其较为发达的地热发电与热泵产业,发展相对滞后。美国地热集中供暖产业发展缓慢的主要原因是缺乏政府统一规划布局以及相关政策的支持,法律与监管手续复杂,资源评价工作缺失,工程设计与运营经验不足,初期投资成本较高,政府与民众对于地热缺乏基本认知等。地热产业具有鲜明的政府主导与政策引领特点,尤其在产业发展初期,资源评价、产业规划布局、科技攻关、财税政策、监管措施等方面均需政府稳步推进。与美国类似,我国地热集中供暖发展亦存在诸多制约。因此,建议我国地热产业发展应以需求为导向,抓紧通过立法对地热资源属性进行界定,以促进地热供暖大规模开发利用为目的积极开展全国地热资源调查评价,同时要加大监管力度,保障地热集中供暖产业有序发展。

摘要：发展现代煤化工是提高煤炭作为化工原料利用的重要路径。系统介绍了现代煤化工技术和产业发展现状;阐述了层次分析法的基本概念,并选择煤直接液化、煤间接液化、煤制烯烃、煤制乙二醇等4种主流的现代煤化工技术作为研究对象,进行综合利用效能评价,确定了现代煤化工产业技术、环境、经济和社会效能相关的评估指标,构建了现代煤化工综合效能利用评价指标体系,并得出相应的评估结果。从开发煤基特种燃料、煤基新材料以及加强聚乙醇酸等煤基生物可降解材料技术攻关等3方面提出现代煤化工综合利用效能提升路径,并从顶层设计、科技攻关、能源提效等3方面提出对策建议。