摘要：为了研究建立城市轨道交通运营中的安全风险与隐患排查治理闭环体系,分析城市轨道交通行业的垄断特征表明其PDCA循环动力源主要来自政府监管、市场压力与乘客,构建了集运营单位安全管理PDCA环和运营主管部门安全监管PDCA环于一体的双重预防闭环机制模型。这一机制有助于全面识别、评估和控制安全风险,提升城市轨道交通的安全运营水平,确保乘客出行安全。In order to study and establish a closed-loop system for identifying and managing safety risks and hidden dangers in urban rail transit operations, an analysis of the monopoly characteristics of the urban rail transit industry shows that its PDCA cycle is mainly driven by government regulation, market pressure, and passengers. A dual prevention closed-loop mechanism model was constructed, which integrates the PDCA cycle of safety management by operating units and the PDCA cycle of safety supervision by operating supervisory departments. This mechanism helps to comprehensively identify, assess, and control safety risks, improve the safe operation level of urban rail transit, and ensure passenger travel safety.

摘要：基于最新型Picarro G5101i型光腔衰荡光谱仪,自行设计并集成了适用于海表大气氧化亚氮的船基走航连续观测系统.实验室测试结果显示,该系统准确度优于1.4×10-9mol·mol-1,精密度优于0.2×10-9mol·mol-1.通过搭载2017年春季黄海和东海综合调查航次,首次在我国开展了海表大气中氧化亚氮的船载走航式连续观测研究.实践证明,该系统操作简便,运行稳定可靠,可获取高频率高精度的海表大气氧化亚氮摩尔分数数据.同时,基于实际观测工作,初步优化建立了相应的数据质量控制和处理方法,为获取具有国际可比性的观测数据奠定了基础.观测结果显示,春季黄海和东海海表大气中氧化亚氮的摩尔分数范围为(331.0~345.1)×10-9mol·mol-1,平均值为(333.5±1.4)×10-9mol·mol-1.