摘要：以蒸馏水为冷却循环工质设计了一套封闭式喷雾冷却换热实验测试装置,探究了进口压力和系统压力对光滑表面进行喷雾冷却换热特性的影响。结果表明:当喷嘴进口压力增大时,液滴的出口速度和液滴数密度增大,喷雾冷却换热能力增强,表面平均温度也同时降低;此外,与常压喷雾冷却系统相比,保持热源功率不变,降低系统压力时,系统的热流密度和换热系数都有较大幅度提升,而表面平均温度则大幅下降,且表面温度不均匀性得到明显改善,系统压力从101 k Pa下降为10 k Pa时,表面最大温差从12.8℃降低到5.7℃。

摘要：基于固相萃取原理中磁珠核酸提取法,设计了一种可适用于多种食源性致病菌DNA提取的微流控芯片。芯片主要包含裂解腔、清洗腔、洗脱腔、抽气孔、通气孔、气动阀、毛细管阀等结构,可以完成食源性致病菌核酸提取、纯化及顺序加载等操作。为了提高核酸提取质量浓度,对芯片通道的亲水处理时间及核酸提取过程中的孵育时间、磁珠混合次数及洗脱时间进行了优化。结果显示,孵育时间为9 min、磁珠混合次数为9次、洗脱时间为20 min时,芯片上提取大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和单增李斯特氏菌的核酸质量浓度高,能够进行PCR扩增及凝胶电泳检测。此方法具有试剂消耗少、污染概率低等优势,并为核酸提取及扩增一体化芯片研制提供支持。

摘要：Solar-driven steam generation is a practical strategy to harness solar energy for desalination and production of clean water with a minimized carbon ***,this strategy suffers from a low evaporation rate under weak illumination on cloudy days or at ***,we present a fabric-based all-weather-available photo-electrothermal steam generator(P/ET-SG)capable of regulating the surface temperature and evaporation rate by the coupling effect of photo-thermal and electro-thermal heating depending on the light *** unprecedented high surface temperature of 52℃ in the wet state and an evaporation rate of 2.61 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) were achieved by the P/ET-SG under 1 sun with only 1 V input voltage owing to the uniform heat distribution and the coupled electro-thermal *** oneway fluidic design of the P/ET-SG effectively prevented salt precipitation during continuous desalination in 24 h and was able to remove salt granules from the evaporation ***,the P/ET-SG demonstrated a high evaporation rate of 2.58 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) in the purification of concentrated saline water and dye-contaminated water with high efficiency(>99.9%).This study offers new thoughts for the design of allweather-available solar steam generators with high efficiency and makes a step forward towards fast purification of concentrated saline water and wastewater.