摘要：Electrides are unique ionic compounds that electrons serve as the anions. Many electrides with fascinating physical and chemical properties have been discovered at ambient condition. Under pressure, electrides are also revealed to be ubiquitous crystal morphology, enriching the geometrical topologies and electronic properties of electrides. In this Review,we overview the formation mechanism of high-pressure electrides(HPEs) and outline a scheme for exploring new HPEs from pre-design, CALYPSO assisted structural searches, indicators for electrides, to experimental synthesis. Moreover, the evolution of electronic dimensionality under compression is also discussed to better understand the dimensional distribution of anionic electrons in HPEs.

摘要：沥青混凝土的热拌过程易受到沥青混凝土内部热力学裂变的作用,导致加热控制的鲁棒性较低。为了提高沥青混凝土热拌控制的效能,提出一种基于非线性状态反馈参数调节的沥青混凝土激光加热控制方法。利用激光三角法检测原理和光学探测器将光学信号转化为电信号,建立沥青混凝土激光加热过程的控制系统,通过模糊PID控制方法对控制系统进行参数自修正和实时性控制,并在预估阶段对时滞环节进行积分补偿,构造沥青混凝土加热装置的热力学分配和动力学传递模型;对沥青混凝土加热的控制约束参量进行分析得到加热控制的性能指标函数,根据主-被动复合刚度特性进行控制误差调节,并利用非线性状态反馈参数调节方法进一步控制加热过程稳定性,实现热拌控制的优化设计。仿真结果表明,采用本文方法进行沥青混凝土激光加热控制的误差小、时滞小、稳定性更高,整体更具应用优势。