摘要：中子超镜的主要光学性能指标是反射临界角,反射临界角通常由镍块体材料的全反射临界角的倍数m来表征。本文采用增加帽层、优化关键参数和引入新设计参数的方法,弥补了中子超镜算法在m≤1区域内的局限性,实现了包含较少膜对数K的大m值中子超镜结构设计。利用Nevot-Croce模型模拟了多层膜的非理想界面,讨论了多层膜表界面粗糙度对超镜反射特性的影响。结果表明,对m=3的Ni/Ti中子超镜仅需200个膜对,在制作工艺上,要求制备m=3的Ni/Ti超镜的膜层界面粗糙度应小于1.5 nm,以保证其反射率不低于80%。

摘要：建筑工程质量、安全等综合性巡检普遍采取线下开具纸质整改单的方式进行,此方法巡检效率低、协同性差,执行过程常出现整改单破损或丢失、整改反馈未闭合、统计分析工作量大等问题。为提高日常建筑工程检查效率,充分挖掘检查数据的价值,文章提出一套多人在线协同巡检系统建设方案,通过信息技术构建起在线“检查-整改-复查”的闭环管理模式,实现在线协同检查、生成整改单据、整改反馈、数据分析等具体功能。

摘要：近年来随着墙体革新与建筑节能以及高层建筑的发展,轻型陶粒砼空心砌块,由于它重量轻、保温性能好、装饰贴面粘贴强度高、设计灵活、施工方便、砌筑速度快、增加使用面积、综合工程造价低等优点,发展速度相当快,已成为取代粘土实心砖,与其它墙体材料很有竞争优势的节能墙体材料,特别在高层建筑作外围护结构深受设计、施工使用单位好评.

摘要：近年来,传统的预制板逐渐被现浇板所取代.由于使用了现浇楼板,房屋的整体性、抗不均匀沉降性和结构安全性均有很大提高,但也伴随产生了一些楼板裂缝的情况,'现浇楼板裂缝问题'成为居民住宅质量投诉热点.对用户反映的现浇板裂缝,经多次会同设计、监理、施工等部门进行实地查勘,我们发现大部分裂缝表现为:表面龟裂,有纵向、横向裂缝以及斜向裂缝.虽然这些裂缝一般被认为对使用无多大危害,但在实际施工中仍有必要对其进行有效控制.本文主要从施工操作方面剖析裂缝的成因,探讨施工中具体的防治措施.

摘要：In the applications of neutron guides and focusing devices, by using the Ni/Ti multilayer supermirrors （SM）, the neutron flux is significantly enhanced, because the critical reflective angle of supermirrors increases m times compared to the one of natural bulk Ni. We design and fabricate the Ni/Ti multilayer supermirrors by considering the effect of the interfacial imperfection, such as interface roughness and diffusion, and by using the direct current magnetron sputtering technology. The reflective performances of these supermirrors are measured on a V14 neutron beam line at the Berlin Neutron Scattering Centre （BENSC）, Germany. The measurement data suggest that the critical angles of the supermirrors are 1.5 and 2.2 times that of bulk Ni, respectively.

摘要：Ni/Ti multilayers, which can be used for neutron monochromators, are designed, fabricated and measured. Firstly, their reflectivities are simulated based on the Nevot-Croce model. Reflectivities of two Ni/Ti multilayer mirrors with periods d = 10.3 nm （M1） and d = 7.8 nm （M2） are calculated. In the calculation, the reflectivity of the Ni/Ti multilayer is taken as a function of the gazing angle with different roughness factors δ =1.0 nm and = 1.5 nm. Secondly, these two multilayers are fabricated by the direct current magnetron sputtering technology. Thirdly their structures are characterized by small-angle x-ray diffraction. The roughness factors are fitted to be 0.68 nm and 1.16nm for M1 and M2, respectively. Finally their reflective performances are measured on the V14 neutron beam line at the Berlin Neutron Scattering Centre （BENSC）, Germany. The experimental data show that the grazing angle of the reflected neutron intensity peak increases, but the reflected neutron intensity decreases, with the decreasing periods of the multilayers.

摘要：社会进步和生活水平的提高，人们对生活质量的要求越来越高，在满足居住要求的同时，对美观和舒适度的需求增大，对建筑给排水工程的设计和施工管理提出了新的技术要求，所以必须采取新的技术措施，才能确保给水排水系统的良好工况，满足各类建筑的功能要求。本文结合设计体会，对常见设计和施工事项提出分析探讨。