摘要：本文以“探究物质的成分”复习课为例,论述在中考复习中落实实验探究教学的途径,认为教师可通过“学会做出合理猜想”“学会设计实验并完成实验”“学会科学反思与评价”三个活动引导学生厘清一般的实验探究过程,最后通过让学生自行消化知识、整合已学知识,帮助学生构建实验探究的一般模式。

摘要：目的了解小学生行为问题流行现状及其家庭环境的影响因素,为开展心理健康教育及提出干预措施提供依据.方法应用Rutter儿童行为问卷和自行设计的家庭环境调查表,对沈阳市2所普通小学一～六年级小学生1 060名的行为问题及其家庭环境进行调查,用SPSS软件进行统计分析.结果小学生行为问题检出率为10.75%,男生行为问题检出率(13.35%)高于女生(7.99%),差异有显著性(P＜0.01).男性儿童行为问题的发生与教育态度、管教方式、父母关系、亲子关系、期望等有关;男生行为问题的发生与教育态度、管教方式、父母关系、亲子关系、期望有关,女生行为问题的发生与教育态度、管教方式、亲子关系等有关.结论儿童行为问题受家庭环境影响,其中教育态度、管教方式、父母关系、亲子关系、期望等是主要的影响因素.

摘要：Objectives Professional identity plays an important role in the long-term development of nurses,and it will change when public health emergency *** objective of this study is to investigate the factors associated with the professional identity of nursing undergraduates in the epidemic of *** A cross-sectional survey design with convenience sampling was used.A total of 3,875 nursing undergraduates were recruited from seven universities across China from March to April 2020.A general information questionnaire was used to collect students’information,and the Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurse Students was used to survey their professional identity during the early and later stages of the first wave of the COVID-19 *** The score of professional identity in the later stage(59.49±12.41)was higher than that in the early stage(56.96±12.61).The stepwise regression indicated that several factors were associated with professional identity,including gender,residential area,major,impact of the epidemic on intention to work after graduation,reasons for choosing nursing major and students’scores of professional identity in early *** Nursing educators can utilize the positive impact of responding to public health emergencies to increase the professional identity of ***,educators should give those students with lower professional identity more targeted education to cultivate their professional identity after the occurrence of public health emergencies.

摘要：目的了解综合医院不同专科护士对化疗防护的认知与执行现状,为制订提高防护水平的管理措施提供相关依据。方法用自行设计的调查表对湖北省荆州市中心医院肿瘤专科43名护士(肿瘤专科组)和非肿瘤专科的47名护士(非肿瘤专科组)进行问卷调查,了解两组护士对化疗防护的认知及执行情况。结果化疗防护的认知方面,配化疗药时口罩、手套佩戴方面均执行得较好,而目镜的穿戴、锯安瓿时切口垫无菌纱布的执行率均较低,两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其他方面的知晓率肿瘤专科组明显高于非肿瘤专科组(P0.05);而在针头埋入无菌纱布排注射器内空气的处理上两组均较差(P>0.05);在其他化疗防护措施的执行方面,肿瘤专科组护士表现明显优于非肿瘤专科组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论综合医院不同专科护士对化疗防护措施的执行率均较低,非肿瘤专科护士由于防护知识的不足表现更为明显,管理人员应加强对非肿瘤专科护士的防护培训,同时加强监管以保证化疗防护措施执行到位。