摘要：背景:现代医学目前对阿尔茨海默病尚无有效的治疗方法,三七总皂苷治疗阿尔茨海默病已引起重视和关注,但其作用机制仍不十分清楚。目的:观察具有化瘀止血、活血定痛功效的三七总皂苷对阿尔茨海默病动物模型大脑胆碱能神经病理损害的保护作用。设计:完全随机分组设计,对照试验。单位:广西中医学院神经科学研究所。材料:实验于2003-06/2005-04在广西中医学院中药药效研究实验室完成,选用清洁级健康Wistar大鼠90只,雌雄各半。其中15月龄老年鼠75只,3月龄青年鼠15只。方法:实验于2003-06/2005-04在广西中医学院中药药效研究实验室(广西重点实验室)完成。①选用清洁级健康Wistar大鼠90只,雌雄各半。其中15月龄老年鼠75只,3月龄青年鼠15只。设3月龄15只为青年对照组。于15月龄75只中随机抽取15只作为老年对照组。对其余60只大鼠进行造模。以D-半乳糖腹腔注射致亚急性损伤合并鹅膏蕈氨酸损毁双侧大脑Meynert基底核建立阿尔茨海默病大鼠模型。青年对照组和老年对照组均在相同条件下以生理盐水作平行对照。②2周后将存活的造模大鼠随机分为4组:模型组,三七总皂苷高、低剂量组和石杉碱甲组,每组12只。三七总皂苷高、低剂量组分别按200和100mg/kg灌胃三七总皂苷(云南玉溪维和制药厂生产),1次/d;石杉碱甲组按0.3mg/kg灌胃给药,1次/d,连续4周;模型组、青年对照组和老年对照组以等体积的生理盐水灌胃,连续4周。③给药结束后行大脑组织病理切片,利用免疫组织化学方法检测大脑切片胆碱乙酰基转移酶免疫反应活性及阳性神经元数量及形态学改变。应用IBAS图像分析系统对胆碱乙酰转移酶免疫阳性神经元进行图像分析处理,测定胆碱乙酰转移酶免疫阳性细胞平均截面积和平均吸光度(A值);用显微镜测微尺测定计算胆碱乙酰转移酶阳性神经元数目。④采用单因素方差分析进行计量资料间差异比较。主要观察指标:三七总皂苷对阿尔茨海默病大脑胆碱能神经元分布和胆碱乙酰基转移酶的影响。结果:老年大鼠75只和青年大鼠15只均进入结果分析。①青年对照组胆碱乙酰转移酶免疫阳性神经元最多,免疫阳性物质染色最深;三七总皂苷高剂量组免疫阳性神经元明显多于石杉碱甲组和模型组;模型组免疫阳性神经元较其他各组的神经元小,且数目明显减少,胞体的轴突及树突变短。②基底前脑胆碱乙酰转移酶免疫阳性细胞数:模型组明显少于其他各组(P0.05)。结论:三七总皂苷对老年性痴呆大鼠动物模型大脑胆碱能神经元具有较强的保护作用,通过改善和修复受损神经元而提高细胞存活的数量和质量、提高胆碱乙酰转移酶的含量和活性,从而保护和改善中枢胆碱能系统的功能,发挥抗老化、抗痴呆的作用。

摘要：Electrical steel sheets with 6.5%(mas fraction) Si with good shapes and superior magnetic inductions were successfully produced by a specially designed processing route including ingot casting, hot rolling and warm rolling both with interpass thermal treatment, and final annealing. The sheets were of 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm thick over 140 mm width. A detailed study of the microstructural and textural evolutions from the hot rolling to annealing was carried out by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron backscattered diffraction. The hot rolled sheet characterized by near-equiaxed grains was dominated by the mixture of //ND fiber(λ-fiber), //RD fiber(α-fiber) and //ND fiber(γ-fiber) textures owing to the partial recrystallization and strain induced boundary migration(SIBM) during the hot rolling interpass thermal treatment. The static recovery and SIBM during the warm rolling interpass thermal treatment result in large and elongated warm rolling grains. The warm rolling texture is dominated by obvious λ, Goss and strong γ-fiber textures. The application of the interpass thermal treatment during hot and warm rolling significantly enhances the impact of SIBM during annealing, which is responsible for the formation of the moderate λ-fiber, some near-λ fiber texture components and the obviously weakened γ-fiber texture in the annealed sheet, leading to a higher magnetic induction compared to the commercially produced 6.5% Si steel by chemical vapor deposition(CVD).