摘要：在干旱半干旱地区发展果树，水分是影响其成活及正常生长发育的主导因子．该研究采用了集流造林技术使有限的天然降水在时空上被重新分配，提高降水资源的利用率，并为果树的生长发育创造相对适宜的土壤水环境，协调水分与果树生长的关系，从而使苹果树定植成活率提高３９－１ ％ ～１２４－４ ％ ，幼树栽后第３ 年开花株率３０－０ ％ ，第５ 年产量为９ ９９０－０ ～１４ １１２－０ ｋｇ·ｈｍ － ２ ．

摘要：干旱半干旱地区的果树生产大多只能依靠自然降水，在常规管理条件下，自然降水量远远不能满足果树正常生长发育的需求，严重地影响了果树生产的发展和经济效益的提高，为解决这一生产难题，我们进行了该项研究，通过调节自然降水的时空分布，提高了果树栽植成活率，开始结...

摘要：On the basis of natural conditions of lack of rainfall on the Loess Plateau, this paper presents a method of design and construction in rainwater harvesting system for afforestation, which is suitable to the regions of 300 600?mm rainfall. The system consists of micro catchments of various forms and sizes that include planting areas, where trees are planted and trapped runoff, and contributing areas, where overland flow are produced by rainfall. The design is based on rainfall, runoff coefficients of contributing areas, evapotranspiration of trees and soil surface, water deficiency of soil, and environmental capacity of precipitation in the region, and so on. Runoff coefficient of contributing areas with YJG (organic silicon chemical treatment), compacted surface soil slope and natural slope micro catchments, are 0 8 0 89, 0 23 0 36, and 0 08 0 10 respectively. According to the Penman method, the soil water deficiency varies from 50?mm to 300?mm. In the region of 400?mm precipitation, the contributing area treated with YJG is 3 4?m 2 for timber forests, 8 10?m 2 for cash trees respectively; the contributing area treated with compacted soil surface is 6 8?m\+2 for timber forests, 10 12?m 2 for cash trees respectively; the contributing area of natural slope is 8 10?m 2 for timber forests, 12 15?m 2 for cash trees respectively. Transpiration from trees of micro catchment in YJG, compacted surface soil and natural slope treatment is by 47 65% 53 31%, 24 10% 36 93%, and 18 65% 29 55% of total rainfall (rainfall and harvested rainwater) respectively after the system was applied in the region. This system, which has been widely practising on the Loess Plateau, is now known as runoff forestry.