摘要：一直以来,储能技术着重在能量密度、功率密度、寿命、安全性和成本方面不断改进。近年来不断扩大的电子设备市场,包括电动汽车和便携式电子产品,促使电池逐渐向低温应用和高能量密度方向发展。然而,电池在0℃以下会发生严重的容量衰减,商用电池在−20℃下的容量仅为室温容量的20%。因此,研究和开发高容量低温电池对实际应用至关重要。虽然二零二三年开始磷酸铁锂、镍、钴酸锂等核心资源价格略有下降,但地球上锂元素整体丰度的偏低让人们将目光转向锌元素。锌离子电池具有超高的金属锌理论容量(820 mA·h·g−1)、较低的过电位(−0.76 V vs.标准氢电极)以及极高的体积能量密度(5855 mA·h·cm−3,锂金属的三倍),因此逐渐被认为是最有前途的储能器件候选之一。然而,水系锌离子电池的大规模应用也遇到了许多瓶颈,特别在低温(低于0℃)下,由于本身的高凝固点,使得低温下粘度增加导致离子电导率降低,电极与电解质的接触性变差,带来性能下降,阻碍了其实际应用。为了提高水系锌离子电池的低温性能,研究人员发现在水系电解质中加入高浓度的盐、混入凝固点较低的有机溶剂或制备凝胶电解质能够有效提高锌离子电池的低温循环性能。本文从各个方面对低温水系锌离子电池的改进策略进行论述,并从氢键调控的角度对低温水系电解质的设计作出指导。The advancement of energy storage technology has consistently focused on enhancing energy density, power density, cycle life, safety, and cost. In recent years, the burgeoning market for electronic devices encompassing electric vehicles and portable electronics, has stimulated the gradual evolution of batteries towards low-temperature applications and high energy density. However, batteries encounter significant capacity degradation below 0˚C with commercial batteries exhibiting only 20% of their room temperature capacity at −20˚C. Henceforth, the research and development of high-capacity low-temperature batteries are imperative for practical implementations. Although the prices of core resources such as lithium iron phosphate, nickel, and lithium cobalt have slightly declined since 2023, the overall scarcity of lithium on Earth has prompted researchers to shift their focus towards zinc. Zn batteries possess an exceptionally high theoretical capacity for metallic zinc (820 mA·h·g−1), low overpotential (−0.76 V vs standard hydrogen electrode), and extremely high volumetric energy density (5855 mA·h·cm−3, three times that of lithium metal). However, large-scale implementation of water-based zinc-ion batteries faces several challenges. Because of the high freezing point at low temperature (below 0˚C), the increased viscosity leads to the decline of ionic conductivity which negatively impacts electrode-electrolyte contact and

摘要：目的为了探寻煤岩相似材料最优配比,方法以赵固一矿煤样的自然视密度、单轴抗压强度、弹性模量为模拟指标,采用正交设计法开展相似材料配比试验。选用碳酸钙、水泥、细河砂、煤粉、蒸馏水为原料,以骨料与胶结剂质量比、胶结剂成分间质量比、骨料成分间质量比和掺水率为控制因素,按照4因素3水平正交配比方案制备了9组相似材料。结果试验结果表明:不同配比下相似材料物理力学参数变化较大,各因素对模拟指标影响规律性强,且骨胶比对相似材料各模拟指标起控制作用,自然视密度、单轴抗压强度、弹性模量均随骨胶比增加而显著下降。通过多元线性回归分析得到相似材料最优配比为碳酸钙∶水泥∶河砂∶煤粉∶水=1∶4∶0.9∶5.8∶3.3,经验证,使用该配比制作的试样在物理力学参数、单轴压缩曲线和破坏形态上能够很好地模拟原煤。结论该研究采用理论与试验相结合的方法寻找最优配比有效可行,可为煤岩相似材料领域研究提供一定借鉴。

摘要：当今时代是效率化的时代,且煤矿产能关系其他行业的运转,此时重视煤矿巷道掘进技术的应用,保证巷道大断面的施工效果,提升巷道掘进效率,这是工作环节应重视的问。煤巷快速掘进技术的应用,可帮助矿井克服不利因素,提高掘进速度,因此应重视工艺与方案的设计,基于此,本文以LM煤矿为例进行案例分析,而后侧重快速掘进施工工艺优化设计与岩巷快速掘进的技术分析进行总结,最后总结快速掘进技术的发展趋势。