摘要：为在设计全过程中能对打印机字车系统的运动及控制系统的性能进行验证,从而设计出性能优异的字车系统,加快设计进程,在Adams中建立了字车机构的虚拟样机,在Simulink中建立控制模型,应用Adams/Controls插件联合Adams和Matlab对字车机构进行机构运动和控制的协同仿真。对字车机构的速度控制采用模糊PID控制方法,应用Matlab模糊逻辑工具箱建立模糊PID控制器,利用模糊控制规则在运行的过程中动态地改变PID控制参数。结果表明,应用模糊PID控制可以达到很好的控制效果,展示了对复杂机电一体化系统进行联合仿真的一般方法。

摘要：Electrochemical energy conversion technologies involving processes such as water splitting and O_(2)/CO_(2) reduction,provide promising solutions for addressing global energy scarcity and minimizing adverse environmental ***,due to a lack of an in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanisms and the nature of the active sites,further advancement of these techniques has been limited by the development of efficient and robust ***,in situ characterization of these electrocatalytic processes under working conditions is *** this review,recent applications of in situ Raman spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy for various nano-and single-atom catalysts in energy-related reactions are *** cases are highlighted,including the capture of oxygen-containing intermediate species formed during the reduction of oxygen and oxidation of hydrogen,and the detection of catalyst structural transformations occurring with the change in potential during the evolution of oxygen and reduction of CO_(2).Finally,the challenges and outlook for advancing in situ spectroscopic technologies to gain a deeper fundamental understanding of these energy-related electrocatalytic processes are discussed.

摘要：Noble metal-reducible oxide interfaces have been regarded as one of the most active sites for water-gas shift ***,the molecular reaction mechanism of water-gas shift reaction at these interfaces still remains ***,water-gas shift reaction at Pt-NiO interfaces has been in-situ explored using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy by construction of Au@Pt@NiO *** Raman spectroscopic evidence demonstrates that water-gas shift reaction at Pt-NiO interfaces proceeds via an associative mechanism with the carbonate species as a key *** carbonate species is generated through the reaction of adsorbed CO with gaseous water,and its decomposition is a slow step in water-gas shift ***,the Pt-NiO interfaces would promote the formation of this carbonate intermediate,thus leading to a higher activity compared with pure *** spectral information deepens the fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism of water-gas shift reaction,which would promote the design of more efficient catalysts.