摘要：目的系统评价内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术(ERCP/S+LC)和腹腔镜胆囊切除术联合腹腔镜胆总管探查术(LC+LCBDE)治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床疗效。方法计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、MEDLINE、EMbase等数据库,查找1990～2010年期间国内外关于ERCP/S+LC和LC+LCBDE治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石临床疗效分析的RCT和临床对照研究。按照纳入与排除标准选择文献、提取资料、评价质量后,采用RevMan5.0.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入14个研究,1 544例患者。其中6个是RCT,8个是临床对照试验。Meta分析结果显示:①取石成功率:两组差异无统计学意义[RR=0.96,95%Cl(0.92,1.01),P=0.14];②结石残留率:两组差异无统计学意义[OR=1.05,95%Cl(0.65,1.72),P=0.83];③并发症发生率:两组差异无统计学意义[OR=1.12,95%CI(0.85,1.55),P=0.48];④随访期内病死率:两组差异无统计学意义[RD=0.00,95%Cl(–0.03,0.03),P=0.84];⑤住院时间:LC+LCBDE组住院时间明显短于ERCP/S+LC组,两组差异有统计学意义[WMD=1.78,95%CI(0.94,2.62),P<0.000 1];⑥手术时间、住院费用方面,LC+LCBDE组优于ERCP/S+LC组。结论 ERCP/S+LC与LC+LCBDE两种微创术式有效性及安全性无差异,但后者手术时间、住院时间、住院费用优于前者,更具优越性。但受纳入研究质量较低、统计结果不稳定等因素影响,上述结论尚需更多设计严谨的大样本RCT进一步验证。

摘要：Sudden earthquakes pose a threat to the running safety of trains on high-speed railway bridges,and the stiffness of piers is one of the factors affecting the dynamic response of train-track-bridge *** this paper,a experiment of a train running on a high-speed railway bridge is performed based on a dynamic experiment system,and the corresponding numerical model is *** reliability of the numerical model is verified by ***,the experiment and numerical data are analyzed to reveal the pier height effects on the running safety of trains on *** results show that when the pier height changes,the frequency of the bridge below the 30 m pier height changes greater;the increase of pier height causes the transverse fundamental frequency of the bridge close to that of the train,and the shaking angle and lateral displacement of the train are the largest for bridge with 50 m pier,which increases the risk of derailment;with the pier height increases from 8 m to 50 m,the derailment coefficient obtained by numerical simulations increases by 75% on average,and the spectral intensity obtained by experiments increases by 120% on average,two indicators exhibit logarithmic variation.

摘要：针对大斜度定向井采用常规油管锚定工具存在锚定易松动、不易解卡等问题,研制了储能式可强制解卡油管锚定工具。该工具设计了弹性储能锁紧机构和强制解卡机构,能有效地解决锚定工具锚定松动以及大斜度井中锚定工具不易解卡的问题。40多井次现场应用表明,储能式可强制解卡油管锚定工具具有施工工艺简单、操作方便等特点,施工1次成功率100%,且锚定后不易松动,易于解卡,是一种适用于大斜度定向井理想的油管锚定工具。