摘要：CRISPR(Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)技术是一种革命性的基因编辑和调控工具,问世之后迅速成为了生物医学领域的前沿热点,广泛用于基因功能研究和治疗。CRISPR具有优异的序列识别性质,核酸切割能力,并且易于编程设计改造,在生物分析化学领域展示出独特的魅力,在病毒检测、临床诊断和单细胞成像分析等方面都取得了突破性进展。目前基于CRISPR技术的检测方法种类繁多,本文综述了CRISPR-Cas分析检测方法的研究进展,并且展望了该技术的发展趋势。

摘要：Microbial electrolysis cells(MECs)present an attractive route for energy-saving hydrogen(H2)production along with treatment of various wastewaters,which can convert organic matter into H2 with the assistance of microbial ***,the development of such renewable technologies for H2 production still faces considerable challenges regarding how to enhance the H2 production rate and to lower the energy and the system *** this review,we will focus on the recent research progress of MEC for H2 ***,we present a brief introduction of MEC technology and the operating mechanism for H2 ***,the electrode materials including some typical electrocatalysts for hydrogen production are summarized and *** also highlight how various substrates used in MEC affect the associated performance of hydrogen *** we presents several key scientific challenges and our perspectives on how to enhance the electrochemical performance.

摘要：Seeking catalysts with high electrocatalytic activity for ambient-condition N2 reduction reaction (NRR) remains an ongoing challenge due to the chemical inertness of ***,defect-rich WS2 nanosheets (WS2-x) were designed as an efficient electrocatalyst for NRR,which were prepared via vulcanizing the oxygen-vacancy-rich tungsten oxide in a vacuum *** sulfur defects were conducive to the adsorption and activation of *** neutral electrolyte of 0.1 mol L^(-1)Na2SO_(4) at-0.60 V *** hydrogen electrode,such WS2-xoffered a high Faradaic efficiency of 12.1%with a NH3generation rate of 16.38μg h-1mg-1cat..

摘要：自噬是真核细胞降解蛋白质的重要途径之一,在细胞的更新代谢中起重要作用.肿瘤细胞借助高水平的细胞自噬能够阻断细胞凋亡途径,降低化疗药物的抗肿瘤效果.本文通过设计编码有核酸适配体序列(Aptamer)和DNA酶序列(DNAzyme)的多功能DNA纳米花,利用DNA序列可负载化疗药物阿霉素(Dox)的特性,实现了对肿瘤细胞特异靶向的药物递送,并高效沉默肿瘤细胞的自噬相关基因ATG5,达到增敏抗肿瘤化疗的效果.通过RT-PCR实验验证合成的DNA纳米花可以有效剪切肿瘤细胞中自噬相关基因ATG5的mRNA;并通过DNA纳米花的细胞毒性和细胞凋亡实验研究了其对肿瘤细胞系MCF-7的靶向治疗作用,结果显示该多功能DNA纳米花在增敏抗肿瘤化疗方面具有明显优势.

摘要：电化学传感是化学传感器的一个非常重要的分支,也是目前研究最多,应用最为广泛的化学传感。自1962年Leland Clark Jr提出安培葡萄糖酶电极以来,电化学传感器已被广泛应用于临床、工业、环境和农业分析。伴随着应用范围的拓宽,特别是近年来电化学传感器在精准医疗诊断、脑神经科学等领域的不断拓展,电化学传感的设计和研发也面临着更大的挑战。为了满足不同检测体系的分析要求,需要电化学传感具备更多的功能。绝大多数的电化学传感设计的突破都是围绕电极/电解质异相界面开展,因此如何合理地设计和功能化电化学界面,已经成为了电化学传感研究的核心。

摘要：石墨烯已展现出在生物纳米技术领域迷人的应用前景，包括DNA传感、蛋白质分析和药物运输。然而．石墨烯用于细胞内检测器和原位分子探针的探索仍处于起步阶段。为此．我们设计了适配体一羧基荧光素（Aptamer—***）／石墨烯氧化物纳米片层（Graphene Oxid ***—nS）纳米复合物来研究其用于活细胞内分子探针的能力。