摘要：为了探讨在云南省油菜生产中种植密度(X1)、氮肥(纯氮,X2)、磷肥(五氧化二磷,X3)、钾肥(氧化钾,X4)、硼肥(有效硼,X5)5个栽培因子对甘蓝型双低油菜云油杂10号产量的影响,并进一步优化各栽培因子,本文采用五元二次正交旋转组合设计,建立了油菜产量优化数学模型:Y=246.15+12.70X2+7.00X3-6.26X12-9.81X22-5.07X32-10.56X1X2-6.37X3X4。结果表明,各因素对云油杂10号产量的影响大小顺序依次为氮肥、磷肥、种植密度、硼肥、钾肥。其中种植密度、氮肥、磷肥与产量的关系均呈开口向下的抛物线,种植密度过大或过小,施氮、磷肥过多或过少都会对油菜产量造成影响。种植密度与氮肥、磷肥与钾肥交互作用对油菜产量有显著影响,在种植密度10.5万～22.5万株/hm2、施纯氮0～207kg/hm2、施五氧化二磷0～96kg/hm2、施氧化钾0～120kg/hm2时,两因子之间均为正相互作用。频率分析结果表明,油菜产量大于3 900kg/hm2的优化栽培措施为种植密度15.48万～17.94万株/hm2,纯N、五氧化二磷、氧化钾、有效硼施用量分别为360.2～387.1、170.0～181.4、15.0～30.0、1.46～1.84kg/hm2。

摘要：[Objective] The aim was to research relationship of meteorological factors with rapeseed yield and yield components. [Method] A field test was carried out, with meteorological information collected from local Meteorological Administration. The data were then through statistical work and regression analysis was made on correlation of meteorological factors with yield and yield components supported by DPS. [Result] The number of pod per plant is closely related to meteorological fac- tors in seedling stage. Specifically, the number is of positive correlation with precipi- tation in seedling stage and of negative correlation with average temperature and sunshine hour. The number of grain per pod is of positive correlation with precipita- tion in seedling stage and negative correlation with temperature in seedling stage and sunshine hour in anthesis. Thousand-seed weight is of positive correlation with sunshine hour in seedling stage and negative correlation with precipitation in seedling stage. [Conclusion] Moisture of soils should be guaranteed by surface cov- erage in order to promote seedling growth, maintain ventilation in fields and reduce effects of rainfall on rapeseed flowering.

摘要：[Objective] The aim was to explore efficient maize and peanut intercrop-ping mode and select suitable peanut varieties of the mode in Yungui Plateau. [Method] In the test, 6 cropping methods were set by randomized block design. Yields and economic benefits were measured in mature stage with Excelland DPS. [Result] Compared with monoculture, maize and peanut intercropping systems took advantages and LER values were proved higher than 1. In the intercropping system with maize and Yun peanut No.3 at 2∶2, in particular, the value of LER was 1.40 and compound yield reached 9 036 kg/hm2; the net output values of maize kernel and fresh/dry peanut pod increased by 182.63% and 140.59%, compared with maize by monoculture. In addition, the output values of Yun peanut No.3 by monoculture and intercropping system increased by 5 069 and 3 272 yuan/hm2, respectively, than Yanshan conventional peanut varieties. [Conclusion] The efficient intercropping system with maize and peanut mode at 2∶2 mode in Yungui plateau and the Yun peanut No.3 exhibited higher yield and economic benefit advantages, compared with Yanshan conventional planting peanut varieties.

摘要：以拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)AtFAD2为参考序列,通过BLAST进行同源序列比对,获得FAD2基因在甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)、白菜(Brassica rapa)和甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)基因组中的同源拷贝。运用生物信息学方法分析其氨基酸序列的组成、蛋白质基本理化性质、亚细胞定位、亲水性和疏水性、蛋白质二三级结构、保守结构域,并对FAD2基因编辑靶点进行预测及sgRNA设计。在白菜、甘蓝与甘蓝型油菜获得2条FAD2基因同源蛋白质序列;亚细胞定位显示这些AtFAD2同源蛋白质均位于内质网,肽链表现为疏水性、比较稳定;蛋白质序列二三级结构预测表明,主要以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为组成成分;蛋白质序列保守结构域分析显示,FAD2具有高度的序列保守性,属于Membrane-FADS-like超家族,且含PLN02505保守结构域;系统进化树构建分析显示,甘蓝型油菜和白菜、甘蓝以及芥菜型油菜具有紧密的亲缘关系;CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑靶点分析发现,甘蓝型油菜FAD2基因中存在10段高度保守性序列可作为候选靶点,并设计出相应的sgRNA。