摘要：旨在研究精料中添加20%的氨化或风干银合欢叶粉替代部分常规蛋白原料对南江黄羊生长性能、养分消化率及血液指标的影响。将15头6月龄,体质量为(20.38±1.51)kg的去势南江黄羊,采用对比设计原则,随机分为3个处理,每个处理5头羊。对照组精料为常规原料配制,试验组为氨化银合欢组和风干银合欢组,试验组精料分别添加20%氨化银合欢叶粉和20%风干银合欢叶粉替代部分常规蛋白原料,各组精料采用等能等氮原则配制,试验期共28 d。结果表明,精料中添加氨化或风干银合欢叶粉试验组南江黄羊均无不良症状;添加氨化银合欢叶粉提高了日增体质量(P=0.01),日粮料重比(F/G)最低(P>0.05);氨化银合欢组干物质、粗蛋白、有机物、中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率略有提高,对照组次之,风干银合欢组最低(P>0.05),且氨化银合欢组酸性洗涤纤维的消化率显著高于风干银合欢组(P0.05)。血清尿素氮(BUN)、总蛋白(TP)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)在两组间差异不显著(P>0.05),氨化银合欢组白蛋白(ALB)水平显著提高(P<0.05)。结果提示,饲喂20%的氨化银合欢叶粉配制的精料对南江黄羊T3和T4水平无显著影响,并可通过提高日粮营养物质的消化率和蛋白质利用效率改善其生长性能。

摘要：为进一步研究小麦花序形态建成,依据Genbank中已公布的玉米等禾本科植物中ramosa3基因的保守区和小麦EST序列设计特异性引物,利用RT-PCR从普通小麦中国春幼穗总RNA中克隆得一长度为657 bp的cDNA片段,该片段编码219个氨基酸。蛋白序列比对表明,该编码序列与禾本科植物ramosa3有较高的同源性,可推测此基因是小麦的ramosa3基因。蛋白质结构预测表明,小麦ramosa3具有6-磷酸海藻糖酶的结构特征,属于TPP酶家族成员。

摘要：植物免疫学是植物保护专业本科生一门重要的专业选修课,对学生掌握植物抗病性利用和植物抗病育种知识有着重要意义.为解决该课程传统课堂上学习时间有限、师生互动较少、考核方式单一等问题,进一步提高课程质量,教学团队采用基于雨课堂的混合式教学模式对植物免疫学的课程教学方法进行了创新性改革和实践.围绕其理论课程和实验课程两部分,设计了课前线上预习、课中同步学习以及课后深度学习的3段式教学过程,并构建了多维度课程考核体系.实践结果表明:基于雨课堂的混合式教学模式有利于提升学生学习兴趣、提高课堂满意度、增强学生自主学习能力、提高教学质量.以上研究为后续植物保护专业本科生专业选修课的课程改革提供了新思路.

摘要：为提高辣椒抗病能力,减少化学农药用量、残留和环境污染,采用测报调查、随机区组设计和统计分析等方法,开展了辣椒应用植物免疫诱抗剂——5%氨基寡糖素AS农药田间药效试验。结果表明:在塑料温室大棚辣椒栽后3天、28天和幼果期施用3次,药后15、30、45和60天,抗病毒病效果氨基寡糖素750、1000倍液与三十烷醇(对照药剂)1000倍液分别为97.6%、69.0%、76.2%,94.1%、63.5%、72.9%,87.0%、63.9%、72.2%和75.5%、49.1%、54.7%;抗煤烟病效果为84.6%、71.2%、73.1%,84.1%、70.5%、72.7%,80.8%、68.8%、69.7%和72.2%、53.7%、55.6%;疫病预防效果均为100%;可以有效促进辣椒营养生长、株高增高和分枝增多等,但辣椒产量、销售收入和纯收入氨基寡糖素750、1000倍液与三十烷醇1000倍液每公顷较清水对照(CK)分别低30.2%、13.3%和18.2%,21505.92、9453.18、12995.55元及21773.92、9685.18、13199.55元。产量清水对照(CK)极显著高于氨基寡糖素750、1000倍液与三十烷醇1000倍液,氨基寡糖素1000倍液和三十烷醇1000倍液极显著高于氨基寡糖素750倍液,氨基寡糖素1000倍液与三十烷醇1000倍液差异不显著。

摘要：为减轻水稻病虫害发生危害,减少化学农药用量、残留和环境污染,采用测报调查、大区对比设计和统计分析等方法,开展了包括水稻选用抗性品种、晒种浸种、培育壮秧、带药移栽、宽窄行栽植、配方施肥、科学管水、保护利用天敌、稻鸭共育、二化螟性诱剂、太阳能杀虫灯和生物农药或高效低毒低残留农药等农业防控、生物防控、物理防控、理化诱控和科学用药技术在内的一整套水稻病虫害绿色综合防控技术示范。结果表明,绿色防控区稻鸭共育对杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别为81.2%与72.8%,可以不再施用化学除草剂;对二化螟1代的枯梢率和枯心率防效分别为95.2%与96.8%,对2代的枯梢率、枯心率和白穗率防效分别为96.4%、97.5%及98.3%,对纹枯病防效为94.1%,稻瘟病叶瘟和穗颈瘟防效分别为96.3%与98.0%;绿色防控区4个品种实际单产量606.6~643.5 kg/亩,平均9 366.0kg,较常规防控区和清水对照区增产3.7%和15.3%,谷鸭合计纯收入为2 035.54元（其中鸭纯收入443.20元）,增收366.59和431.27元,经济、社会和生态效益明显。

摘要：To alleviate the damage of tomato virus diseases, reduce chemical pesticide consumption and residue, and prevent environmental pollution, forecasting, randomized block design and statistical analysis were adopted to conduct field efficacy tests for Lentinan ＋ Gibberellin-heteroauxin-brassinolide （GHB） and Ningnanmycin ＋ GHB. The results showed that when the virus diseases in greenhouse tomato were serious, 0.5% Lentinan AS 3 000 ml ＋ GHB WP 600 g and 8% Ningnanmycin AS 900 ml ＋ GHB WP 600 g per hectare were applied 4 times with an interval of 7 days, and the control effects on the 10th, 17th, 26th and 35th day were above 88%, 87%, 78% and 67%, respectively. The difference in control effect of the two biological pesticides was insignificant, while their control effects were all significantly better than that of moroxydine hydrochloride （CK） ＋ GHB. The obtained results indicated that Lentinan ＋ GHB and Ningnanmycin ＋ GHB were the ideal biological pesticides, which could be used not only for controlling tomato virus diseases, but also for realizing modern, pollution-free, green and organic agricultural production.

摘要：In order to mitigate the occurrence and damage of cowpea whitefly, reduce chemical pesticide consumption, residue and environmental pollution, the methods of forecasting, randomized block design andstatistical analysis were used in field efficacy trials, to study the control effect of cowpea anthracnose by usingchemical pesticides dinotefuran, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, and bio-pesticide avermectin. The results showed that after applying 1.85% avermectin EC 375 g, 20% dinotefuran SP 600 g, 5% acetamiprid WP 600 g, and 25% pymetrozine WP 600 g （control pesticide） per hm2 once every 5-8 days, and 3 times continuously underserious autumn occurrence of greenhouse whitefly, the control efficacy was 90.9%, 97.0%, 88.0%, 93.9%respectively on the 7th day after the pesticides application; 97.4%, 92.1%, 84.2%, 89.4% respectively on the 14th day after the pesticides application; and 95.6%, 86.7%, 82.2%, 84.5%, respectively on the 20th day afterthe pesticides application. The control effects among avermectin, acetamiprid and pymetrozine were not significantly different, while the effects of avermectin and pymetrozine were significantly higher than that of acetamiprid on the 7th day. The control effects among avermectin, dinotefuran and pymetrozine were not significantly different, while significantly higher than that of acetamiprid on the 14th day. The control effect of avermectin was significantly higher than that of dinotefuran, acetamiprid and pymetrozine on the 20th day. Meanwhile, the control effect of avermectin was slightly lower, higher and much higher than that of dinotefuran on the 7th, 14th, 20th day respectively after the treatment. These results indicated that the four pesticides,especiaLly biopesticide avermectin, were ideal pesticides, which could not only be used for controlling cowpea whitefly, but also realize modern, green, organic and ecological agricultural production.

摘要：为减轻番茄病毒病的发生危害,采用测报调查、随机区组设计和统计分析等方法,对生物农药香菇多糖+赤·吲乙·芸苔和宁南霉素+赤·吲乙·芸苔防治番茄病毒病进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:在温室大棚秋季番茄病毒病发生较重情况下,每1hm2用0.5%香菇多糖AS 3 000mL+赤·吲乙·芸苔WP 600g、8%宁南霉素AS 900mL+赤·吲乙·芸苔WP 600g,7d施药1次,连续施用4次,药后10d、17d、26d和35d的防治效果均在88%、87%、78%和67%以上,且2种药剂防治效果差异不显著,但均极显著高于盐酸吗啉胍(对照药剂)+赤·吲乙·芸苔。

摘要：为减轻番茄病毒病发生危害,减少化学农药用量、残留和环境污染,采用测报调查、随机区组设计和统计分析等方法,开展了生物农药香菇多糖+赤·吲乙·芸苔(碧护)和宁南霉素+赤·吲乙·芸苔防治番茄病毒病农药田间药效试验。结果表明:在温室大棚秋季番茄病毒病发生较重情况下,每公顷用0.5%香菇多糖AS 3000 m L+碧护WP 600 g、8%宁南霉素AS 900 m L+碧护WP 600 g,7天施药1次,连续施用4次,药后10、17、26、35天,防治效果均在88%、87%、78%和67%以上,且两药剂防治效果差异不显著,香菇多糖+碧护极显著高于盐酸吗啉胍(对照药剂)+碧护,宁南霉素+碧护显著高于盐酸吗啉胍+碧护。香菇多糖+碧护和宁南霉素+碧护不仅可以作为防治病毒病的理想药剂,而且可以作为现代农业示范区、无公害农产品、绿色农产品和有机农产品防治病毒病的理想药剂。

摘要：为减轻豇豆炭疽病发生危害,减少化学农药用量、残留和环境污染,采用测报调查、随机区组设计和统计分析等方法,开展了生物农药几丁聚糖、生化复配制剂咪鲜·几丁糖和化学农药苯醚甲环唑、噻呋酰胺防治豇豆炭疽病田间药效试验。结果表明：在温室大棚秋季豇豆炭疽病发生较重情况下,每公顷用2%几丁聚糖AS 2250 g、46%咪鲜·几丁糖EW 450 g、10%苯醚甲环唑WG 900 g（对照药剂）和24%噻呋酰胺SC 360 m L,5～8天施药1次,连续施用3次,药后7、14、20天,防治效果均在83%、78%和73%以上,且4种药剂防治效果差异不显著,该4种药剂尤其是几丁聚糖和咪鲜·几丁糖不仅可以作为防治炭疽病的理想药剂,而且可以作为现代农业示范区、无公害农产品、绿色农产品和有机农产品的理想药剂,确保现代农业、绿色农业、有机农业和生态农业发展需要。