摘要：Untreated urea-rich wastewater exerts severeadverse impacts on both the environment and human health,prompting extensive attention towards the urea oxidationreaction (UOR) as a sustainable technology to generate cleanenergy in recent years. UOR has a thermodynamic advantageover oxygen evolution reaction (OER) (1.23 V vs reversiblehydrogen electrode, RHE) and only requires 0.37 V (vs RHE),which is considered as an effective alternative to H_(2) production by water electrolysis. However, the inevitable kineticslowness and complex adsorption/desorption during the processhinder its practical application. Most traditional catalystsutilized for the UOR are comprised of precious metals, resulting in limited economic viability. Inspired by natural ureases, Ni-based catalysts have emerged as promisingalternatives owing to their rich deposits, low cost, and theregulated d orbitals of transition metal Ni, demonstratingconsiderable potential for UOR. Currently, numerous studieshave explored Ni-based hydroxides, oxides, chalcogenides, andphosphides in alkaline solutions. In this review, we will explorethe UOR reaction mechanism and summarize the catalystdesign strategies of various Ni-based catalysts recently, especially Ni-MOF, which has been rarely discussed before. Then,the broad prospects of UOR in practical applications aresummarized. Finally, based on the design strategies and performance comparisons discussed above, the challenges andprospects facing the future development of Ni-based electrocatalysts for the UOR will be presented.

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摘要：针对实际库存管理中的产品缺陷问题,研究了含随机模糊缺陷率且允许缺货的经济订购批量(EOQ)模型,并运用随机模糊理论将其转化为确定模型,设计了随机模糊模拟仿真算法进而确定了其最优订购策略.数值算例分析了缺陷率对最优订货量和最优利润的影响.

摘要：采用单因素响应面法优化桃红四物丸的醇提工艺,醇提后的干膏得率,HPLC法测定药液中没食子酸、羟基红花黄色素A以及阿魏酸的有效成分含量,将二者综合评分作评价指标。以液料比、提取时间、乙醇浓度进行单因素实验,根据综合评分确定因素水平,用响应面法优选醇工艺。采用紫外分光光度法测定桃红四物丸对羟自由基的清除率。结果显示:液料比6∶1,提取时间2小时,提取溶剂(乙醇)浓度为50%为最优醇提工艺,主要成分总含量11.18%,干膏得率41.62%,综合评分为97.98%。可作为中药复方桃红四物丸的前期提取方案,为后续工业生产提供参考。

摘要：介绍了桥上岔区无砟轨道的设计方法。以武广客运专线清远站南咽喉区白家塱2号大桥桥上岔区无砟轨道为例,阐述了桥上岔区无砟轨道的道床板、钢筋混凝土底座、凸台和滑动层的结构设计,总结了桥上岔区无砟轨道施工的质量控制重点,并对完善桥上岔区无砟轨道的设计与施工提出5点建议,对客运专线桥上岔区无砟轨道的设计和施工有一定的参考指导意义。

摘要：考虑到实际库存管理中的产品缺陷问题,研究了含模糊随机缺陷率且允许缺货的经济订购批量模型,并运用模糊随机理论将其转化为确定模型,设计了模糊随机模拟仿真算法进而确定其最优订购策略。算例分析表明,随着模糊随机缺陷率期望值的增大,最优订货量增大,最大利润相应减少。

摘要：近年来,药物制剂学综合性设计实验问题得到了业内的广泛关注,研究其相关课题有着重要意义。本文首先对相关内容做了概述,分析了药物制剂学实验教学改革的几点内容,并结合考核方法阐述了个人的几点认识。