摘要：背景与目的:直肠癌术后吻合口狭窄在临床上较为常见,内镜下球囊扩张是常用的微创治疗方法。然而当吻合口严重狭窄甚至闭锁时,内镜下治疗难以入手。本文介绍1例根据磁压榨技术(MCT)原理,利用自行设计加工的磁环,在内镜辅助下成功治愈的直肠癌术后直肠严重狭窄且狭窄段较长的患者的诊治经验,以期为直肠狭窄的微创治疗提供一种新的思路和方法。方法:回顾性分析了西安交通大学第一附属医院肝胆外科诊治的1例直肠癌术后直肠严重狭窄患者的临床资料,患者系66岁老年男性,直肠癌根治术后6个月拟行回肠造口还纳,行结肠造影检查提示直肠下段狭窄,当地医院实施内镜下球囊扩张失败,遂来我院行磁压榨直肠狭窄疏通术。同时检索国内外数据库相关MCT治疗直肠狭窄或闭锁的文献资料并汇总分析。结果:该患者选用钕铁硼磁环,磁环表面氮化钛镀层处理。术中在内镜辅助下将磁环分别经回肠造瘘口和肛门置入狭窄段两端,因狭窄段较长,磁体难以有效相吸。遂改变操作路径,内镜操作下经回肠造瘘口置入斑马导丝,导丝穿过直肠狭窄段后经肛门引出体外。沿斑马导丝分别经回肠造口和肛门将组装式磁环置入直肠狭窄部位两端,磁体对位相吸,随着时间推移磁体间距离越来越小,术后6 d磁环经肛门自行排出体外。立即行结肠镜检查显示直肠通畅性建立,同时给予导管支撑。患者回当地医院按计划顺利实施了回肠造口还纳,随访至撰稿日已5个月,患者排便正常。通过检索发现目前国内外有报道利用MCT治疗直肠狭窄/闭锁的患者有4例,尽管这些病例操作路径和所用磁环有差异,但最终均取得良好的治疗效果。结论:直肠狭窄患者病因各不相同,狭窄程度及狭窄段长度差异较大,在将MCT技术作为治疗手段时,应充分考虑患者间病情的个体差异,选用最合适的操作路径及磁环才能取得良好的治疗效果。MCT作为一种新型吻合方式,联合内镜技术治疗直肠狭窄操作简单、创伤小、效果确切。

摘要：*** describe the prevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and the associated risk factors in a prison *** and *** this cross-sectional study,from November 2004 to February 2005,all 297 newly sentenced prisoners(mean age 37.5± 11.7 years,age range 16-69 years) ,who had never used illicit drugs received routine blood check-ups and completed a face-to-face *** B surface antigen(HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies were tested using the t-test,chi-square test,and logistic *** the 297 subjects,13.1% were positive for HBsAg,8.4% were positive for anti-HCV,and 1.7% were positive for combined HBsAg and *** regression analysis demonstrated that tattooing(odds ratio = 2.24,95% CI = 1.03-4.88) and an elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALAT) level(odds ratio = 4.10,95% CI = 1.61-10.40) were independently related to HCV *** of HBV and HCV infection in prison populations remains *** and elevated ALAT level are identified as the related factors of HCV infection.