摘要：Microwave assisted-semi bionic extraction (MASBE) process for lignans from Fructus Forsythiae was studied. The influences of solvent pH value, microwave power, dosage of solvent and irradiation time were investigated. Optimum extracting parameters were determined by orthogonal experiments as follows: pH value of solvent at first extraction is 5.5-6.0, that at the second extraction is 7-8; microwave power is 700 W; mass ratio of Fructus Forsythiae to water is 1-12; irradiation time is 10 min, and extracting times is two. Under these optimal conditions, the yield of lignans reaches 0.364%. Compared with the conventional extraction methods, the MASBE process has the advantages of high extraction rate, high extraction selectivity.

摘要：背景:通过竞争性抑制一氧化氮合酶(nitricoxidesynthase,NOS),可损害大鼠的学习记忆行为,表明NO/NOS对维持正常的学习记忆功能是必需的,但有关学习记忆障碍时NOS神经元的变化尚不十分清楚。目的:探讨NOS神经元与学习记忆障碍的关系。设计:完全随机设计,对照实验研究。地点和材料:本研究地点为中南大学湘雅医学院人体解剖学和神经生物学系,材料为健康昆明雄性小鼠32只,6～8周龄,体质量20～25g,购于湖南医科大学动物学部。干预:32只小鼠随机分为模型组和对照组,每组各取7d和14d两个时间点,每个时间点各8只小鼠。采用辐射式三等份Y型迷宫测试装置,检测动物的空间辨别性学习记忆能力。应用免疫组化结合组织化学方法显示学习记忆障碍小鼠脑中NOS神经元的变化。主要观察指标:检测动物的空间辨别性学习记忆能力,观察切片NOS神经元形态并计数。结果:随训练次数的增加,对照组小鼠在Y型迷宫中的正确次数逐渐增加(术前第1天8.3±1.2,术后第7天10.1±1.0),而模型组小鼠术后在Y型迷宫测试中的正确次数较术前(8.3±1.2)明显减少(术后第7天4.7±2.4,P<0.05),与对照组同时间点相比,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。但术后14d模型组小鼠在迷宫测试中的正确次数渐有增加(9.3±0.7)。