摘要：经济的不断发展促使我国各个地区之间的联系日渐密切,随之而来的就是面临着越来越大的交通运输压力,道路工程建设在实际的建设过程中,规模也越来越大,大多数的道路工程建设采用沥青混凝土的路面结构形式,由于整个路面建设的工作强度高、实际的施工成本相对较低以及施工操作工序较多等特点对道路工程质量的提高具有十分重要的影响,从另外一个角度来看,则是沥青混凝土路面的平整度直接的影响到整个路面施工的施工质量。本文通过多条道路监理工作经验,首先分析施工过程中影响沥青混凝土路面平整度的影响因素,进而分析施工过程中控制沥青混凝土路面平整度的措施。

摘要：冷再生是利用沥青路路面材料铣刨，添加水泥、水、乳化沥青、集料，用拌合机重新拌和，对其进行碾压成型，促其形成一种路面结构层的施工，其可以有效减轻环境污染。本文分析了厂拌冷再生配合比设计的相关内容。

摘要：采空区是常见的地质灾害。随着城区建设的发展,越来越多的远郊厂矿用地纳入到城市建设用地的范围,面临的采空区问题也越来越多。城市轨道交通工程中遇到采空区一般采取绕避或主动的地基处理方案。根据采空区的特性,在确保运营期安全的前提下,分析了城市轨道交通工程设施的规划及实施要求,提出了主动处理和被动应对相结合的处理思路,从而降低工程难度和工程投资。

摘要：通过设计问卷、实地调查、询问及电话、邮件等形式对河南烤烟主产区的主要县/区的烤烟连作情况进行调查,并对调查数据进行了归类分析。从7个地市22个县（市、区）的调查结果分析得知,现今河南烤烟种植主要分布在南阳、许昌、洛阳、三门峡、平顶山和漯河等地,并且在主产区都有一定程度的连作现象,连作3 a及以上的比例一般在20%-40%,有少数地区达到50%。烟草连作发病较普遍、分布较广的病害主要有黑胫病、病毒病和黑腐病等;同时验证了烟草不适宜连作。烟草连作3 a及以上时,病虫害率及死亡率上升40%以上;连作后表现出产量、质量下降。大多数地区在连作第2年时产量开始下降,连作3 a及以上时下降幅度为9%-24%。连作时间久会使烟叶质量严重下降,造成无经济收益。因此,为了减少烟草病害发生及产量、质量下降造成的经济损失,建议尽量避免连作,在无法避免的情况下应采用相应措施控制烟草连作障碍的发生。

摘要：设计5个菌种配伍的牛粪有机肥发酵剂（B1、B2、B3、B4、B5）和市售有机肥发酵剂（SS）分别对牛粪进行了发酵试验，对发酵温度、含水量、pH值的变化进行了监控，对所配制的发酵剂进行了活菌数、含水量及pH值的测定和部分发酵产物的质量（有机质、氮、磷、钾）测定及对油菜种籽的发芽率、生长进行了检测。结果表明：配方B5最好，发酵起温快。第2天达50℃以上，发酵的第20天含水量降到50％以下，pH值在发酵的第15天降到6．5，发酵后的有机肥对油菜种籽的发芽率及生长量均最好，发芽率为100％，平均芽长7．79mm，平均根长29．95mm。此发酵剂的活菌总数为2．61×10^10cfu／g。pH值和含水量分别为7.0、13．25％。均符合国家标准GB20287—2006（活菌数≥2．00×10^9cfu／g，pH值5．5-8．5，含水量≤20％）；发酵所形成的有机肥有机质含量82．17％，氮、磷、钾含量7．10％，pH值为6．5。均符合行业标准NY525—2012（有机质945％，氮、磷、钾≥5％，pH值5．5～8．5）。对新鲜牛粪的发酵在20d之内完成，符合大多数有机肥生产者的要求。

摘要：The continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco in the major producing areas of Henan Province by designing questionnaire, fieldwork, enquiry and phone calls, mails, and other forms, the data were obtained then classified and analyzed. The results showed that the main planting areas of flue-cured tobacco were in Nanyang, Xuchang, Luoyang, Sanmenxia, Pingdingshan, and Luohe where were the major producing areas of succession cropping of flue-cured tobacco with percentage of 20%-40% for three years and over three years, and a few places up to 50%. Morbidity was common with wide distribution, and the main diseases were black shank, viral disease, and black rot. It proved that tobacco was not suitable for continuous cropping. Both of tobacco disease and pest rate and mortality significantly increased by more than 40% under continuous cropping for three years and over three years, and the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco also decreased after continuous cropping. For many places, the tobacco yield started to decrease in the second year of continuous cropping, and after three-year cropping, the yield decreased in the range of 9%-24%. Continuous cropping for a long time would make a serious decline in the quality of tobacco, resulting in non-economic benefits. Therefore, in order to reduce the occurrence of diseases and economic loss in tobacco production, it is recommended to avoid continuous cropping, or to adopt appropriate measures to control tobacco continuous cropping obstacles in the unavoidable case.