摘要：目的从微观角度实现对微机电系统中微器件局部接触区域弹塑性演化过程和原子迁移演变规律的探寻。方法运用经典分子动力学法,基于EAM和Morse混合势函数,对硬质金刚石探头与软质金属铜基底展开纳米压痕接触特性研究。结果纳米压痕中位错环构型生成与演变有规可循,位错环在受载荷影响时,有着4个演变阶段,即位错环萌芽期→生长期→繁衍期→维持期。当载荷达到一定程度时,压痕中铜基质内密排六方结构的HCP容易与附近类似结构发生关联耦合效应,产生刃型位错和形成螺旋式位错结构,随后以脱落方式构成棱柱形位错结构,并向基底底部发射。另外,整个纳米压痕中,铜基质亚表面损伤最为严重,探头与基底接触区域两侧的位错环迁移处应力较集中。结论纳米接触中铜基质内位错环出现与演变过程,是衡量局部接触塑性变形强弱程度的重要依据和非接触区域损伤程度的内在表现。此次研究结果对细观尺度接触变形行为有着深层次认识,也对纳尺度设计出优异摩擦学性能的微结构有着重要借鉴作用。

摘要：针对严寒地带输电线路覆冰厚实的情况,以强力高效除冰、高速过障和轻量化为目标,研制一种适合严寒地带高压输电线除冰机器人。该机器人采用铣削和压除组合方式实现强力、高效除冰,设计柔性侧向轮驱动装置实现机器人稳定运行和高速过障,通过对除冰机器人进行动力学分析实现结构优化和轻量化。并论述该除冰机器人的工作原理、机械结构、动力系统和控制系统,样机运行结果验证了设计的正确性。

摘要：针对除草机器人移动路径精度低、自主导航能力差等问题,设计一种具有柔性机械结构的移动式除草机器人小车,采用四轮四驱的麦克纳姆车轮,实现除草机器人在除草作业中的灵活移动。针对除草机器人移动的实际误差,建立基于模糊控制算法的自主导航控制系统。实验表明:除草机器人通过模糊控制算法的智能调整后,可以适应较为复杂的外界环境变化。

摘要：安哥拉棕红色砂土是建筑地基的主要填筑材料,选择最合理的压实方法和施工控制指标是岩土工程施工的重要课题。分析该砂土的物理力学性质、击实试验结果,通过碾压试验确定了振动碾压的施工参数和含水率控制指标,碾压时测定振动碾压波随深度变化的波动图,按波动振幅计算了振动碾压随深度变化的能量吸收系数,对碾压施工后换填垫层进行压实系数和静力触探测试,结果表明,采用18t的振动压路机有效加固厚度为1.0m,振动碾压后的换填垫层地基压实系数均满足≥0.95的设计要求,可有效防止意外地表水对地基的不良作用,消除地基土产生湿陷变形的风险。

摘要：A biosensor device, built from graphene nanoribbons （GNRs） with nanopores, was designed and studied by first- principles quantum transport simulation. We have demonstrated the intrinsic transport properties of the device and the effect of different nucleobases on device properties when they are located in the nanopores of GNRs. It was found that the device＇s current changes remarkably with the species of nucleobases, which originates from their different chemical compositions and coupling strengths with GNRs. In addition, our first-principles results clearly reveal that the distinguished ability of a device＇s current depends on the position of the pore to some extent. These results may present a new way to read off the nucleobases sequence of a single-stranded DNA （ssDNA） molecule by such GNRs-based device with designed nanopores

摘要：In order to assist the design of short interfering ribonucleic acids （siRNA）, 573 non-redundant siRNAs were collected from published literatures and the relationship between siRNAs sequences and RNA interference （RNAi） effect is analyzed by a support vector machine （SVM） based algorithm relied on a basebase correlation （BBC） feature. The results show that the proposed algorithm has the highest area under curve （AUC） value （0. 73） of the receive operating characteristic （ROC） curve and the greatest r value （0. 43） of the Pearson＇s correlation coefficient. This indicates that the proposed algorithm is better than the published algorithms on the collected datasets and that more attention should be paid to the base-base correlation information in future siRNA design.

摘要：为解决养虾池快速捕虾问题、研制了“海水虾池微型脉冲电赶虾机”.本文介绍了该机的设计原理、结构、性能及特点、为快速捕虾提供有效途径.