摘要：目的 :以盐酸地尔硫为模型药物研制脉冲片剂并同时考察用压制包衣法制备脉冲给药系统的可行性。方法 :以疏水性物质巴西棕榈蜡、蜂蜡为包衣材料 ,采用压制包衣法 ,制备盐酸地尔硫脉冲片。通过正交设计和体外释放度实验 ,考察释放介质的pH、处方及工艺对盐酸地尔硫脉冲释放的影响。结果 :通过调整包衣处方的组成、压制包衣的压力和包衣层的重量得到滞后时间分别为 2 ,4,6h和 8h的盐酸地尔硫的脉冲释放片剂。介质的pH对盐酸地尔硫的脉冲释放无显著性影响。结论 :通过调整处方和工艺 ,可以得到体外不同时间脉冲释药的盐酸地尔硫片剂。

摘要：目的:探究以熔融沉积成型(fused deposition modeling,FDM)3D打印技术制备治疗高血压复方片剂的可行性,并对所制备的FDM 3D打印复方片剂进行相关的体外质量评价。方法:以聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)丝材作为辅料,设计了具有两个独立隔室的椭圆形片剂(长轴20 mm,短轴10 mm,高5 mm),其层高为0.2 mm,外壳厚为1.2 mm,顶和底厚均为0.6 mm,两个隔室间的隔断厚为0.6 mm。使用FDM 3D打印机进行打印;以卡托普利(captopril,CTP)和氢氯噻嗪(hydrochlorothiazide,HCT)为模型药物,将其分别填充在片剂的两个隔室内。以扫描电镜观察制剂的外观形态,考察制剂的质量差异和硬度,以高效液相色谱法测定制剂中的药物含量,并用溶出仪对制剂的体外释药行为进行表征。结果:所制备的FDM 3D打印复方片剂均形态良好,无打印缺陷;平均质量为(644.3±6.55)mg,其中CTP含量为(52.3±0.26)mg,HCT含量为(49.6±0.74)mg。观察到CTP和HCT在体外的延迟释放,延迟释药时间分别为20 min和40 min,释药70%的时间分别在30 min和60 min内。结论:采用FDM 3D打印技术成功制备了CTP和HCT复方片剂,并且所打印的复方片剂质量良好。

摘要：高速公路景观设计是实现公路与环境和谐统一的重要手段。渴望通过景观再造与环境保护设计使公路建设对生态环境的破坏减小到最低程度。文章旨在对高速公路景观设计提出再认识,努力创造出一个高速、快捷、舒适、优美的公路环境。

摘要：目的：研究交联聚乙烯醇栓塞微球（polyvinyl alcohol microspheres,PVA-Ms）的制备方法及其理化性质。方法：采用乳化化学交联法制备PVA-Ms,以红外光谱法考察微球交联产物的结构,以光学显微镜观察微球的形态、测定粒径大小,考察微球的吸水率和溶胀率,以物性测定仪测量微球的弹性,采用创新设计的装置模拟栓塞推注微球的过程并实时测定推注压力。结果：红外光谱确证了微球为聚乙烯醇与甲醛的交联产物。制备的PVA-Ms圆整,冻干微球的粒径范围为80~1 800μm,平均粒径574.2μm;湿微球的粒径范围为100~1 900μm,平均粒径602.2μm。冻干微球在生理盐水中20 min内达到吸水平衡,平均吸水率为175%,平均溶胀率为48.6%。微球具有良好的弹性,可顺利经导管推注,大粒径的微球通过导管的压力较大。结论：PVA-Ms的理化性质可以满足栓塞治疗的要求,本研究为系统评价栓塞微球的体外性质提供了方法。

摘要：The objective of this research was to develop gelatin microspheres（GMSs） and study their properties for *** GMSs were prepared by emulsion chemical crosslinking *** morphology and particle size of GMSs were observed under an optical *** ratio of water absorption and GMSs swelling ratio were *** elasticity of GMSs was studied by TMS-Pro food texture *** deliverability of GMSs through catheter was investigated with a new device designed in this ***,the acetone residue was determined by headspace capillary gas *** dried GMSs were elliptic with corrugated surface and the wet GMSs were round with smooth *** average diameter of dried GMSs was 430.5 μm with a range of 100-1000 μm,and that of wet GMSs was 601.2 μm with a range of 150-1425 μ*** maximum ratio of water absorption was 590.7% and the average swelling ratio was 103.0%.The elasticity of GMSs was proven to be appropriate for *** subgroups of wet GMSs（100-450 μm,450-700 μm and 700-940 μm） were delivered through catheter with acceptable *** content of residual acetone in GMSs was less than the minimum limit in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia ***,we concluded that the GMSs were suitable for embolization according to the applicable properties in *** the methods for assessing the properties of GMSs in this study were going to be useful in the evaluation of embolic microspheres.

摘要：目的:探究以熔融沉积成型(fused deposition modeling,FDM)3D打印技术制备用于个性化治疗的不同剂量片剂的可行性,并对所制备的FDM 3D打印片剂进行相关的体外质量评价。方法:采用聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)丝材,通过FDM 3D打印技术制备中空的、三种大小的片剂外壳;以茶碱为模型药物,将20、50和100 mg三种剂量的茶碱分别填充于片剂的空腔内。以扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)观察制剂的外观形态,以称重法考察片剂的质量差异,以片剂硬度测定仪测定片剂的硬度,采用紫外-可见分光光度法(ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry,UV-Vis)测定片剂中的药物含量,并用溶出仪对片剂的体外释药行为进行表征。结果:制备出的FDM 3D打印片剂形态良好,无打印缺陷,片剂的直径与厚度均与设计相符,扫描电镜观察可以看出层与层之间紧密连接,能清晰观察到制剂的细微结构;三种大小的片剂平均质量分别为(150.5±2.3)mg、(293.6±2.6)mg和(456.2±5.6)mg,其质量差异均低于5%;片剂的硬度均超过了200 N;测得三种片剂中茶碱含量分别为加入量(20、50和100 mg)的98.2%、97.2%和97.9%,相对标准偏差分别为1.06%、1.15%和0.63%;三种剂量片剂释药80%的时间均在30 min以内。结论:采用FDM 3D打印技术成功制备了20、50和100 mg三种不同剂量的茶碱片剂,且打印的茶碱片剂质量良好。

摘要：The aim of this study was to prepare pulsatile release tablets which provide different drug delayed-release time and realize personalized administration according to the needs of *** deposition modeling(FDM)3D printing technology was introduced into the field of pharmaceutics in this study,and the feasibility to prepare core-shell pulsatile release tablets was explored by combing 3D printing technology with the traditional manufacturing *** core of the pulsatile tablets was a commercial tablet obtained from the traditional technology,and the drug-free shell was prepared by the FDM 3D printing *** kinds of tablet shells were designed using different ***,the morphology,size,weight,hardness,and in vitro drug release of the 3D printed famotidine pusatile tablets were characterized and *** results showed that the 3D printed tablets appeared intact without any *** parameters of outer shell affected the size,weight,hardness,and in vitro drug release of the *** tablets achieved a personalized delayed release time varying from 5 to 7 h in *** this way,a new method for preparing pulsatile release tablets and a new way for the personalized administration of pulsatile tablets were explored in this study.