摘要：The synthesis of nanocrystals(NCs)with defined morphology and surface structure provides an effective way to investigate the structure-activity relationship of nanocatalytsts,and it will facilitate the design of nanocatalysts with excellent catalytic *** this paper,we developed a facile method to synthesize PdH0.43 NCs with the shape of cube,octahedron and rhombic dodecahedron(RD),whose surface facets are{100},{111}and{110},*** asprepared PdH0.43 NCs are highly stable and exhibit enhanced catalytic activity and extremely low overpotential towards electro-oxidation of formic acid compared with the commercial Pd black and three types of Pd *** specific activity of the cubic PdH0.43 NCs is more than five times that of the commercial Pd black and two times that of the cubic Pd *** the three types of PdH0.43 NCs with different surface structure,the activity order is followed by PdH0.43{100}>PdH0.43{111}>PdH0.43{110}.

摘要：In this paper, we reported a solvothermal method for the synthesis of octahedral Pt-Cu bimetallic alloy nanocrystals （NCs） with tunable composition. Inspired by the result from our previous exploration on octahedral Pt-Cu alloy NCs that Cu contents can be tuned from 10 % to 50 %, we further tuned the Cu portion from 50 % to 75 % by simply introducing n-butylamine in the reaction system. It is believed that n-butylamine plays a key role in breaking through a thermodynamic constraint in the formation of Pt-Cu alloy nanocrystals （NCs）. The synergistic effect of underpotential deposition-like Cu reduction and the different complexion abilities of amine group of n-butylamine with two metal species effectively tuned the reduction kinetics, by which each reduced Pt atom is able to catalyze reduction of more Cu atoms and be fully covered with 12 Cu atoms in the Pt-Cu alloy crystal, while Cu precursor is not able to be reduced solely and bind solely with Cu atoms, resulting in the successful tuning of Cu composition from 50 % to 75 %. In addition, we investigated the electro-catalytic activity of Pt-Cu bimetallic alloy NCs with different composition in electro-oxidation of methanol. The as-prepared PtCu3 NCs exhibit excellent electro-catalytic performance and stability in comparison with commercial Pt black and other compositional Pt-Cu alloy NCs.

摘要：作为农村公路养护的主要施工技术,稀浆封层技术具有用料少、快速修复旧路面使用功能的作用,在农村公路养护工作中占有重要地位.这种施工技术的大量应用可以有效延长公路的使用年限,降低施工成本及节约能源.本文主要对稀浆混合料配比设计、稀浆封层技术在农村公路养护中的应用及质量控制进行了分析.