摘要：设计并采用挤压铸造工艺制备了3种高强韧AlSiMgMn合金。利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等手段,研究了合金元素和热处理工艺对挤压铸造AlSiMgMn合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Sr变质后挤压铸造AlSiMgMn合金中共晶Si变质等级超过AFS 5级,优化的热处理工艺为535℃×4h固溶+160℃×6h时效;当Mg含量从0.3%增加到0.5%,合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别增加60 MPa和70 MPa。添加Cu元素的AlSiMgMn合金采用Sb变质,共晶Si变质为AFS 3~4级,虽然热处理后共晶Si相球化良好,但铸造过程中不均匀变质导致颗粒出现团聚。该合金在优化的T6热处理下,抗拉强度为435 MPa,屈服强度为338 MPa,伸长率为7.0%。

摘要：The automobile suspension parts of a high strength 6xxx aluminum alloy were produced using a novel technique known as near net shape casting for forging stock preparation. Based on the outline dimension of the forging stock, the shape of the ingot was designed as the near net shape and its casting process was studied by the numerical simulation and experimental investigation. The results show that the shrinkage of the ingot was highly correlated to its shape parameters and could be successfully forecast by the stimulation model. The casting parameters of the near net shape ingot were optimized and the near net shape 6xxx aluminum alloy ingots free of defects were cast in the laboratory. In order to obtain high performance forged suspension parts, the hot compression tests of the ingot were carried out. The results show that the subgrain fraction of the forged ingot was strongly affected by Zener-Hollomon parameters （Z parameters）. The intermediate Z parameters, 1.09×10^16 s^-1, will contribute to the larger number fraction of subgrains inside the forged ingot, which contributes to the high performance of the forged products.

摘要：应用自主设计的测量装置对7xxx系铝合金凝固过程中的收缩行为进行了系统的测量。主要研究了3种7xxx系铝合金的收缩行为和微观组织对热裂敏感性的影响。研究发现,在凝固过程中,3种7xxx系铝合金表现出了非常不同的收缩行为。7050和7075铝合金的热膨胀系数曲线从收缩起始点(固相率fs分别为0.69和0.73)开始陡然增加至峰值,之后随着温度的降低减小至一个常数值;7022铝合金的热膨胀系数曲线与以上两种不同,从收缩起始点(固相率为0.8)开始先出现一个波动上升,其后随着温度降低数值单调递增。微观组织显示,收缩过程的起始点是枝晶搭接的开始点。凝固过程中,7050合金的热膨胀系数大于7022合金,可以认为凝固过程的收缩行为能作为热裂敏感性的一种判断准则。