摘要：针对环氧乙烷在生产、储存、运输和使用环节中存在的安全问题,对环氧乙烷特殊的物理化学性质进行分析.环氧乙烷化学性质非常活泼,易开环并释放大量热量,在空气中的爆炸极限浓度为3%～100%,引燃能最小只需0.06 mJ,易燃易爆.结合其自身反应特性及易自聚、歧化或分解等特点,讨论了其在安全操作、化工设计中的注意事项,并提出了具体建议措施,包括相关装置布置方案设计、安全温度和压力设计、设备安全及紧急处理设计等,以期能提高环氧乙烷在生产、运输和使用过程中的安全性和可靠性,减少相关事故的发生.

摘要：Catalysts for CO_(2)value-added conversion have been extensively explored,but there is still a lack of systematic design for catalysts that achieve efficient CO_(2)conversion under mild ***,we explored a mesoporous CeO_(2)single-crystal formed with the regulation of ionic liquids,which catalyzed the effective carbonylation reaction with CO_(2)under mild reaction *** altering the synthetic environment,a series of uniform mesoporous CeO_(2)particles with atomically aligned single-crystal frameworks were constructed,which have different surface physicochemical properties and primary aggregation *** prepared mesoporous CeO_(2)single-crystal achieved efficient activation of CO_(2)and alcohols at 0.5 MPa CO_(2)and 100℃,and the CeO_(2)-IL-M catalyst shows optimal catalytic performance in the synthesis of ethylene carbonate with 46.22 mmol g^(–1)h^(–1),which was 50.6 times as high as that of the CeO_(2)obtained without ionic ***,the catalytic pathway and mechanism of carbonylation reaction with CO_(2)on mesoporous CeO_(2)single-crystal were studied via React-IR spectra and C18O_(2)labeling *** research provides a new strategy for controllable nanoscale assembly of mesoporous single-crystal materials and expands the application range of single-crystal materials,aiming to develop novel catalytic materials to meet industrial needs.