摘要：采用Monte Carlo方法模拟计算丙烯酸酯类聚合物降凝剂与原油蜡烃组分之间的相互作用力,在此基础上设计、优化降凝剂的分子结构。根据模拟计算结果,合成丙烯酸十八酯同极性单体马来酸酐和苯乙烯的共聚物降凝剂。结果表明,丙烯酸十八酯-马来酸酐-苯乙烯三元共聚物单体比例为8∶1∶1时,降凝剂对原油的感受性最佳。实验结果与模拟计算结果一致,验证了理论计算的可靠性。

摘要：Wire-shaped supercapacitors（SCs） possessing light-weight, good flexibility and weavability have caught much attention, but it is still a challenge to extend the lifespan of the devices with gradual aging due to the rough usage or external factors. Herein, we report a new stretchable and selfhealable wire-shaped SC. In the typical process, two polyvinyl alcohol/potassium hydroxide（PVA/KOH） hydrogel wrapped with urchin-like NiCo2O4 nanomaterials were twisted together to form a complete SC devices. It is noted that the as-prepared PVA hydrogel can be easily stretched up to 300% with small tensile stress of 12.51 kPa, superior to nearly 350 kPa at 300%strain of the polyurethane. Moreover, the wire-like SCs exhibit excellent electrochemical performance with areal capacitance of 3.88 mF cm^-2 at the current density of 0.053 mA cm^-2, good cycling stability maintaining 88.23% after 1000 charge/discharge cycles, and 82.19% capacitance retention even after four damaging/healing cycles. These results indicate that wireshaped SCs with two twisted NiCo2O4 coated polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel fibers is a promising structure for achieving the goal of high stability and long-life time. This work may provide a new solution for new generation of self-healable and wearable electronic devices.

摘要：目前,在重型货车、矿用汽车、越野车或大型客车上,当要求有较大的主传动比和较大的离地间隙,往往将双级主减速器中的第二级减速齿轮机构设计成轮边减速器。本文以十吨级双级减速桥轮边系统的匹配设计为例,在满足参数要求的前提下,以低成本、高经济效益为目标,通过对行星轮系的分析计算以及强度校核,进行优化选择,确立了一套轮边减速系统的设计过程。

摘要：针对降凝剂分子结构的设计和优化问题,本文运用Monte Carlo模型模拟研究了丙烯酸十八酯-马来酸酐-醋酸乙烯酯三元共聚物(An Mm Vp)同原油蜡烃组分间的相容性。以理论计算结果为依据指导合成了AMV共聚物降凝剂,并进行了红外表征和实验验证,实验结果表明,当亲油基团(丙烯酸十八酯,AA18)与极性基团(马来酸酐-醋酸乙烯酯,MA-VA)摩尔比为8∶2时,二者混合能最低,原油对A8M1V1降凝剂感受性最佳,凝点降低值达8℃,是理想的原油降凝剂结构,这与理论计算结果基本一致。该研究为原油降凝剂分子结构的设计和优化提供了有效途径。