摘要：煤油共炼技术将煤化工技术与劣质重油加工技术耦合,是煤与劣质重油清洁高效利用的重要途径,油煤浆黏温特性是影响规模化制浆、输送、加压、预热设计和生产操作的关键因素。以塔河重油、煤焦油和低阶煤为研究对象,利用热重分析仪、傅里叶红外分析仪、表面孔隙结构分析仪及高温黏度计等,分析了煤粉质量分数、溶剂性质、溶胀时间及煤粉孔隙结构对油煤浆黏度的影响,研究了制浆过程和升温预热过程中油煤浆黏温特性的变化规律。结果表明,制浆过程中煤粉质量分数和重质油溶剂性质是影响油煤浆黏度的主要因素;当煤粉质量分数大于35%时,油煤浆黏度显著增大;相同条件下,塔河重油煤浆黏度大于煤焦油重油煤浆。随溶胀时间的增加,重质油煤浆黏度整体呈增大趋势;溶胀12 h以后,油煤浆黏度均快速增大,且塔河重油配制的油煤浆黏度增加更快;溶胀作用之后的煤粉颗粒表面形成新的孔隙结构,产生了大量大孔和部分微孔,导致油煤浆黏度增加;油煤浆制备过程中重质油发生脱氢、吸氧缩合反应而导致性质变化也是影响油煤浆黏度的重要因素。升温预热过程,随着温度升高,油煤浆黏度迅速降低;且煤粉质量分数越高,黏度越大;当温度超过140℃时,黏度均降至较低值;当温度超过240℃时,开始出现黏度反增现象,煤粉质量分数越高煤浆黏度出现反弹的温度越低,反弹幅度越大。

摘要：研究了煤液化残渣正己烷不溶物含量测定条件,用煤液化残渣为原料,以萃取温度、循环次数、萃取时间为自变量,考察对煤液化残渣正己烷不溶物含量测定的影响。在单因素考察的基础上,采用响应面法和正交设计对比研究确定煤液化残渣正己烷不溶物含量测定的最佳条件。结果表明,煤液化残渣正己烷不溶物含量的最佳测定条件为:称样量0.2 g,萃取温度160℃,萃取时间20 min,循环次数4次。

摘要：A series of both unsupported and coal‐supported iron–oxygen compounds with gradual changes in microstructure were synthesized by a precipitation‐oxidation process at 20 to 70°*** relationship between the microstructures and catalytic activities of these precursors during direct coal liquefaction was *** results show that the microstructure could be controlled through adjusting the synthesis temperature during the precipitation‐oxidation procedure,and that compounds synthesized at lower temperatures exhibit higher catalytic *** a result of their higher proportions ofγ‐FeOOH orα‐FeOOH crystalline phases,the unsupported iron–oxygen compounds synthesized at 20–30°C,which also had high specific surface areas and moisture levels,generate oil yields 4.5%–4.6%higher than those obtained with precursors synthesized at 70°*** was also determined that higher oil yields were obtained when the catalytically‐active phase formed by the precursors during liquefaction(pyrrhotite,Fe1-xS)had smaller *** coal added as a carrier was found to efficiently disperse the active precursors,which in turn significantly improved the catalytic activity during coal liquefaction.

摘要：综述了兽用可注射缓释制剂的产生与发展、剂型特点及工艺设计等概况,并阐述了可注射缓释制剂近年来在国内外的研究开发情况,分析了研究过程中亟待解决的问题,并对其发展前景和推广应用进行了展望。