摘要：Plastic scintillation detectors based whole body β/γ contamination monitors are developed for use in radiation *** microcontroller-based multi-detector system uses 13 plastic scintillator detectors,with minimized dead detection zones,monitoring the whole body,and conforming to the contamination limit prescribed by the regulatory *** system has the features for monitoring hands,feet,head,and faceβ/γusing contamination monitors and portal exit *** can detect gamma sources at a dose rate of 10 n Gyh^(-1).The system is calibrated using b sources^(90)Sr/^(90)Y,^(204)Tl,and^(36)Cl,and the efficiency is found to be 29%,22%,and 18%,***β/γcontaminationis0.15 Bqcm^(-2),which is significantly less than the minimum detection objectives on head,face,hands,and feet.

摘要：Aims and Objectives: The aim of this diagnostic observational study was to find an association of final diagnosis of adnexal masses suggested by MRI and compare it as an imaging modality in determining the origin, nature (benign/malignant) & characteristics of adnexal masses by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in 90 patients in the department of radio diagnosis and imaging, institute of medical sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU). The patients were referred from department of obstetrics & gynecology, institute of medical sciences. Majority of the referred cases were those who had clinical features of abdominal pain, abdominal lump, menstrual irregularity, ascites, and anorexia or weight loss & in whom adnexal mass was suspected clinically. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed using 1.5 Tesla MR Scanner, Magnetom Avanto (Siemens Healthcare). Results: Out of 114 masses, 17 (14.9%) were malignant. The benign adnexal masses were maximum in the age group 20 - 39 years (56/97, 57.7%), while malignant masses were mainly found in women ≥60 years of age (11/17, 64.7%). CA-125 level was grossly elevated in association with 35.3% of the malignant masses. On MRI, the sensitivity for the mass of ovarian origin was (97.7%) and specificity was (73.1%). The diagnostic accuracy was (92.1%). The mass of uterine origin had a sensitivity of (73.1%) and diagnostic accuracy (99.1%). Conclusion: MRI, because of its accuracy in identifying the origin of adnexal mass and characterizing the solid, hemorrhagic, fatty and fibrous content, may obviate surgery or significantly contribute to preoperative planning for a sonographically indeterminate mass. MRI is the state of the art imaging modality for evaluation of adnexal masses with an overall high diagnostic accuracy.