摘要：将酸奶添加到小麦粉中,以馕的感官评分、硬度为指标,通过单因素试验以及响应面试验设计,对馕制作过程中的酸奶、酵母添加量、发酵温度、发酵时间四个因素进行响应面设计分析,以此确定添加酸奶后馕的最佳发酵工艺条件,并对其抗氧化活性及流变特性进行分析。结果表明:酸奶添加量为14.5%、酵母的添加量为0.9%、发酵温度35℃、发酵时间92 min。在此条件下制作的馕,其感官评分为84.5,硬度为3943.38,总酚含量0.62 mg/g、黄酮含量0.26 mg/g,DPPH·和ABTS+·的清除率分别是30.16%、45.96%,均高于空白纯小麦样品。流变数据表明最优配方制作的面团比纯小麦面团表现出更柔软的性质。另外,通过相关性分析,馕的硬度与感官评分呈显著负相关。通过响应面优化出来的发酵工艺具有一定的实践意义,此研究为馕的生产提供理论依据。

摘要：Developmental plagiocephaly (DP) has been an increasing problem since the successful “back to sleep campaign”. The referrals for DP have increased by >400% during the years 2004 to 2008. Many infants spend less time in the prone position nowadays and some of the risk factors for DP are as follows: less than 3 times per day for the tummy time, torticollis and slow achievement of motor milestones. There is a need for better information to the parents but also for other strategies to prevent DP. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a special pillow and thus to reduce pressure on the infant head. Method: infants aged zero to two months were included in the study. They were randomized to either intervention group or control group. Head shape was investigated on two occasions, on the second occasion motor development, mobility and muscle function of the neck were also investigated. The parents were asked about tummy time and sleep position. All infants were investigated by the same physical therapist, blinded to group belonging. Result: seven infants had CVAI >3.5 on the last assessment, five of these had not used any method to reduce pressure. Fishers exact test showed a tendency where infants with reduced pressure on the head had less DP (P 0.08). Paired t test showed significant decrease in CVAI for the infants who had had reduced pressure on the head (P 0.01). Among these infants the CVAI was zero for 47% in the last assessment. For the infants who had not had a reduction of pressure on the head, there was no indication of a decrease of CVAI (P 0.45), and only 12% of these infants had a CVAI that was zero in the last assessment. Conclusion: this pilot study shows that a specially designed pillow may prevent DP in young infants. However, a larger sample is needed to confirm or disprove this. The study is planned to go on until there are 200 participants.

摘要：每年，我们都会对科学家和教育工作者进行问卷调查，征求能激发求知欲的书本、拼力、玩具等创意产品。本次调查挑选出来的产品范围很广，从不停旋转的陀螺到组装大脑，不一而足。

摘要：针对立式加工中心滑座的动态特性直接影响整机的加工精度等问题,以某型号加工中心为研究对象,采用有限元分析和试验分析相结合的方法,进行静动态特性分析。利用SolidWork软件进行三维模型的建立,使用Ansys Workbench软件对该加工中心进行动态特性分析,对关键尺寸进行灵敏度分析,选择对滑座性能影响较大的尺寸进行优化设计。采用遗传算法对不同的优化目标进行优化,最终得到优化后的加工中心滑座的前四阶固有频率和总质量有了明显改善,提高了机床加工的精确度。

摘要：Pancreatic metastases are rare,with a reported incidence varying from 1.6%to 11%in autopsy studies of patients with advanced *** clinical series,the frequency of pancreatic metastases ranges from 2%to 5%of all pancreatic malignant ***,the pancreas is an elective site for metastases from carcinoma of the kidney and this peculiarity has been reported by several *** epidemiology,clinical presentation,and treatment of pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma are known from singleinstitution case reports and literature *** currently very limited experience with the surgical resection of isolated pancreatic metastasis,and the role of surgery in the management of these patients has not been clearly *** fact,for many years pancreatic resections were associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality,and metastatic disease to the pancreas was considered to be a terminal-stage *** recently,a significant reduction in the operative risk following major pancreatic surgery has been demonstrated,thus extending the indication for these operations to patients with metastatic disease.

摘要：目的研究石英砂负载巯基材料(SFQ)去除Hg(Ⅱ)离子过程中各因素的影响,优化Hg(Ⅱ)离子去除条件.方法采用响应曲面(RSM)试验中的中心组合设计(CCD)方法,以吸附时间、Hg(Ⅱ)离子质量浓度和pH作为试验因子,建立3因素3水平响应曲面回归模型,以Hg(Ⅱ)离子的去除率作为响应值进行全面分析,并验证模型的准确度.结果响应曲面CCD建立的吸附模型对SFQ吸附Hg(Ⅱ)离子拟合度较高,R 2=0.9822,模型优化所得的最佳条件为:Hg(Ⅱ)离子质量浓度为0.96 mg/L,pH值为3.78,处理时间为102.94 min.在此条件下,Hg(Ⅱ)去除率为92.05%.试验结果与模型预测值符合,理论值与实测相对误差不超过2%.结论SFQ吸附Hg(Ⅱ)离子去除率的影响因素大小顺序依次为:pH、Hg(Ⅱ)离子质量浓度、吸附时间.SFQ对污水中Hg(Ⅱ)离子去除率较高,可以将SFQ材料应用于含汞废水的处理.

摘要：位于莫斯科的达尔文博物馆(the State Darwin Museum)可谓是俄罗斯众多自然博物馆中的一个标杆。俄罗斯的首座博物馆是由彼得大帝于1698年成立的人类民族学博物馆(Kunstkamera)。彼得大帝在荷兰购买的东方鸟类、鱼类、昆虫和艺术类标本都被收藏于人类民族学博物馆。他认为,人类民族学博物馆应该是一座百科全书式博物馆,以达到为国家科学教育发展服务的目的。因此,当皇家科学院(the Imperial Academy of Sciences)于1724年在圣彼得堡成立时,人类民族学博物馆及其图书馆随即并入该院。其后,皇家科学院又拨款成立了七家独立的自然科学类型的博物馆。

摘要：唐宋作为中国文化发展的又一鼎盛与重要转折时期,其绘画也是瑰丽多姿。而文人是社会意识的代表,他们所体现出来的审美追求,最为充分地表现中国绘画的社会主流审美情趣。中国的艺术精神,可说由唐代水墨淡彩山水的出现而完成了它自身性格所要求的形式,才完成了文人进入绘画主流审美意识的舞台。随着社会思潮的不断变迁,山水画取代了人物画却在其后不远的北宋时代迎来了它的高峰。

摘要：阐述场域理论与社交圈定义,从皇室贵族、演艺界、艺术界、金融界、其他设计师5个方面探讨伊夫·圣·洛朗的社交圈,分析伊夫·圣·洛朗社交圈的特征,总结圣罗兰品牌对20世纪品牌发展及当下服装设计的影响。文章表明,在特定社会背景下,圣·洛朗的社交圈赋予圣罗兰品牌在品牌发展过程中的种种优势与发展契机,设计师可通过其自身的社交力量打破传统时尚传播的限制,将高级时装以独特的姿态给予大众崭新面貌,启发当下品牌发展。

摘要：本文提出了基于耦合思想的编织复合材料热物理性能快速预测方法,给出了增强相模型和整体区域模型之间的温度场自由度协调关系、增强相与整体区域叠合后的热学性能匹配方法以及应用于耦合模型的温度场周期性边界条件,应用该方法预测了三维四向编织复合材料的等效热膨胀系数和等效热传导系数。组建了复合材料热膨胀性能测试及温度补偿实验系统,在测试温度范围内该系统的应变偏差小于1×10^-6ε,验证了该系统的可靠性,进一步利用该系统验证了新方法的预测精度和可行性。该方法较传统方法显著降低了建模难度,提高了网格精度,减少了计算规模,可实现复合材料热物理性能的快速预测,同时为复合材料热物理性能的优化设计奠定了基础。