摘要：As the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is considered to be a bottleneck in overall water splitting,it is necessary to develop a highly active and stable electrocatalyst to overcome this ***,we successfully fabricated a three-dimensional iron-dysprosium oxide co-regulated in-situ formed MOF-Ni arrays on carbon cloth(FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC)through a facile two-step hydrothermal *** studies demonstrate that the designed FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC catalyst requires an overpotential of only 251 mV to reach 10 mA cm-2 with a small Tafel slope of 52.1 mV ***,the stability declined by only 5.5%after 80 h of continuous testing in 1.0 M ***,a cell voltage of only 1.57 V in the overall water splitting system is sufficient to achieve 10 mA cm-2;this value is far better than that of most previously reported *** excellent catalytic performance originates from the unique 3D rhombus-like structure,as well as coupling synergies of Fe-Dy-Ni *** combination of lanthanide and transition metal species in the synthesis strategy may open entirely new possibilities with promising potential in the design of highly active OER electrocatalysts.

摘要：同济大学生命科学与创新创业大楼工程项目的东北侧紧邻设计创意学院。该学院建筑为3层砖混结构,抵抗变形能力差。为尽可能减小大楼基坑开挖期间对该学院建筑的影响,基坑围护采用了长22 m的树根桩对其进行保护。介绍了树根桩施工工艺、主动循踪分层填充注浆工艺及质量控制措施。实践证明:树根桩对创意学院建筑的保护起到了至关重要的作用。

摘要：提出了一种具有双陷波特性的共面波导馈电的超宽带天线。该天线的结构类似于一般的单极子天线，辐射体采用双环形结构，馈电部分由共面波导来实现，具有良好的宽带阻抗匹配特性。通过在辐射体和馈电部分分别嵌入不同形状的缝隙，使得天线在（3．2～3．6GHz和5-6GHz）出现频带阻断，并且天线在通带内呈现良好辐射的特性。

摘要：Ensuring that water flows smoothly into spillways is the main challenge in spillway design. In order to help avoid the formation of vortices and separation of flow along the guide wall in front of the gates during overflow through the spillway, an experiment with a physical model of the Yutang Dam. bank spillway was carried out, The profile of the guide wall was redesigned to eliminate the formation of vortices and separation of flow. This involves opening up holes in the middle part of the guide wall. The test results show that the design is effective in improving the flow conditions of the inlet, and in ensuring the desired values of water head along the guide wall and discharge capacities of the spillway,

摘要：Airship shape is crucial to the design of stratosphere airships. In this paper, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) technology is introduced into the design of airship shape. We devise a composite objective function, based on this technology, which takes account of various factors which influence airship performance, including aerodynamics, structures, energy and weight to determine the optimal airship shape. A shape generation algorithm is proposed and appropriate mathematical models are constructed. Simulation results show that the optimized shape gives an improvement in the value of the composite objective function compared with a reference shape.

摘要：研究了船舰式冷却系统在南水北调金湖泵站工程中的应用情况,包括冷却系统的选型、配置、热平衡计算及其对泵站运行性能的影响等方面。通过实际案例分析,论文探讨了船舰式冷却系统在泵站工程中的优势和局限性,并提出了相应的优化建议。

摘要：波形整形技术使试样满足应力均匀条件和恒定应变率加载,石英片检测试样两端的应力均匀性,获得微弱的透射信号。对开始加载阶段径向惯性效应带来的轴向应力附加值给予了计算修正,得到了肌肉在不同加载方向和不同应变率下的应力应变曲线。结果发现:肌肉材料的应力应变曲线呈现粘弹性材料所具有的凹向上特征,由最小显著差数法进行统计分析,发现猪后腿肌肉的力学性能对应变率和加载方向都敏感。沿纤维方向压缩时肌纤维易发生压缩失稳,强度比垂直纤维方向低。

摘要：The effect of hot stamping parameters on the mechanical properties of 22MnB5 steel sheet with thickness of 1.1 mm is studied. The considered parameters are austenization temperature （800- 1 000 ℃ ）, austenitizing soa king time （60-540 s）, initial deformation temperature （560-800 C） and tool temperature （20-220 ℃）. In order to obtain hot stamped parts with optimal mechanical properties, response surface methodology based on the central composite design has been employed to design the experiment matrix. Tensile strength of hot stamped parts is deter- mined as the relation in the mathematical model. The optimal condition and objective effects of parameters are deter mined via this relation. The statistical analysis showed that all four factors significantly affect the tensile strength of the hot stamped parts. The optimum austenization temperature is found to be 918.89 ℃ with the austenitizing soa- king time, initial deformation temperature and tool temperature of 279.45 s, 684.69 C and 21.85 ℃, respectively. These optimal hot stamping parameters prove to have high tensile strength （1 631.84 MPa） where deviation between predicted and actual response falls within 2 %.

摘要：碱性阴离子交换膜燃料电池(AEMFCs)可以直接将氢的化学能转化为电能,被认为是新兴绿色氢经济的基石技术.但其阳极氢氧化反应(HOR)动力学缓慢,严重依赖于Pt基催化剂.由于Pt基催化剂极易被CO毒化、动力学过程复杂以及价格昂贵,极大限制了其商业化应用.因此,亟需开发高效、稳定和抗CO毒化能力强的新型HOR催化剂.Pd具有与Pt相似的氢键结合能,并且比Pt储量丰富,有望成为实现HOR的候选催化剂.然而,Pd的本征催化活性和Pt相比仍有很大差距.近年来,磷化钯因具有功能多样性和高催化活性被广泛关注.此外,缺陷工程可以有效调控催化剂的表面结构,改善中间体的吸附强度,提高催化剂的催化活性.因此,构建富含缺陷的磷化钯催化剂有望提高其HOR的性能.然而,该方向研究较少,反应机理尚不清楚.因此,阐明空位缺陷对于提高磷化钯催化剂HOR性能的作用机制,对促进AEMFCs电催化反应具有重要意义.本文通过溶胶-凝胶法以及低温磷化策略合成了一种碗状半球结构的富含磷空位Pd3P@C(V_(p)-Pd_(3)P@C)催化剂,并用于碱性HOR.在磷化过程中,通过调整Pd前驱体和磷源比例以及煅烧温度,在碳碗状半球载体上合成具有不同晶相组成(Pd/Pd_(3)P@C,Pd_(3.20)P_(12)@C,Pd_(3)P@C,和Pd_(5)P_(2)@C)的Pd_(x)P_(y)@C催化剂.扫描电镜和透射电镜证实了催化剂为碗状半球形貌.利用电子顺磁共振波谱研究了Pd_(x)P_(y)@C催化剂的磷空位浓度,结果表明,Pd/P比例为1:3时,在350℃下煅烧得到的Vp-Pd_(3)P@C具有最高的磷空位浓度.X射线光电子能谱证实了磷空位促进了d-p轨道杂化,增强了Pd和磷之间的电子相互作用.电化学测试结果表明,Vp-Pd_(3)P@C具有最高的HOR性能,Vp-Pd_(3)P@C在50 mV的质量活性为1.66 mAμg_(Pd)^(–1),交换电流密度为3.2 mA cm^(–2),优于Pd3P(0.45 mAμg_(Pd)^(-1),1.78 mA cm^(–2))和商业Pt/C(0.3 mAμg_(Pd)^(-1),2.29 mA cm^(–2)).同时,该催化剂在50 mV的电位下能稳定运行20 h.此外,即使在CO浓度高达1000 ppm时,Vp-Pd_(3)P@C催化剂仍表现出较好的HOR活性.紫外光电子能谱证实了Vp-Pd_(3)P@C中的Pd原子呈现缺电子状态,这不利于Pd 4d轨道对CO 2π^(*)轨道的电子反馈,降低了Pd和CO的键合强度,进而减弱了Pd对CO分子的吸附,从而增强了其抗CO中毒的能力.密度泛函理论计算结果表明,相较于磷空位浓度较少的Pd_(3)P@C催化剂,富含磷空位缺陷的Vp-Pd_(3)P@C催化剂能够优化和平衡反应中间体(Hads和OHads)的吸附强度,使速率决定步骤从H_(2)O^(*)的解吸转换到H_(2)O的形成,促进了Volmer反应(Hads+OHads→H_(2)O+2^(*)sites)的进行,进而提升了催化活性.系统实验和表征结果表明,Vp-Pd_(3)P@C较好的HOR性能可归因于以下3个因素:(1)空心碗状结构大大地增加了固-液-气三相接触点,加速了HOR的传质过程;(2)磷空位产生的局部反应活性和有利的电子结构优化了Hads和OHads的吸附强度,极大地促进了Volmer步骤;(3)丰富的磷空位打破了原有的周期性晶体结构,形成了新的电子结构,有效地抑制了电子从Pd 4d轨道到CO 2π^(*)轨道的反馈,提高了Vp-Pd_(3)P@C对CO的耐受能力.综上,本文通过缺陷工程策略调控了Vp-Pd_(3)P@C中活性位点与HOR关键中间体的相互作用,明确了空位缺陷浓度与HOR活性之间的构效关系.并从碱性HOR反应机理,CO分子与金属催化剂的轨道相互作用以及结构设计三个方面总结了高效和稳定的HOR催化剂的设计原则.目前,由于界面环境的复杂性和缺乏原位技术,催化剂表面上痕量中间体的光谱信息难以获得,未来可在开发原位技术监测HOR过程中间体和催化剂的组分变化方面做出更多的努力,以促进AEMFCs的商业化应用.

摘要：Diamidine （A） was identified in our in vitro bio-assay as a possible inhibitor of ketol-acid reductoisomerase （KARI） from the ACD database search based on the known three-dimensional crystal structure of KARI. An investigation on interaction of A on KARI active sites, led to the design and synthesis of 15 novel monoamidines. Some of those showed better biological activity than A on rice KARI （in vitro） and in greenhouse herbicidal tests （in vivo）. The structure-biological activity relationship was investigated, which provides valuable information to further study of potential KARI inhibitors.