摘要：With the increasing attention received by lightweight metals,numerous essential fields have increased requirements for mag-nesium(Mg)alloys with good room-temperature and high-temperature mechanical ***,the high-temperature mechanic-al properties of commonly used commercial Mg alloys,such as AZ91D,deteriorate considerably with increasing *** the past several decades,extensive efforts have been devoted to developing heat-resistant Mg *** approaches either inhibit the gen-eration of thermally unstable phases or promote the formation of thermally stable precipitates/phases in matrices through solid solution or precipitation *** this review,numerous studies are systematically introduced and *** alloy systems,includ-ing those based on Mg–Al,Mg–Zn,and Mg–rare earth,are carefully classified and compared to reveal their mechanical properties and strengthening *** emphasis,limitations,and future prospects of these heat-resistant Mg alloys are also pointed out and dis-cussed to develop heat-resistant Mg alloys and broaden their potential application areas in the future.

摘要：Micro-alloying design of wrought magnesium(Mg) alloys is an important strategy to achieve high mechanical properties at a low cost. In the last two decades, significant progress has been made from both theory and experiment. In the present review, we try to summarize recent advances in micro-alloying design of wrought Mg alloys from both theoretical and pragmatic perspectives, and provide fundamental data required for establishing the relationship between chemical composition and mechanical properties of Mg alloys. We start with theoretical attempts for understanding the mechanical properties of Mg alloys at different scales, by involving first principle calculations,molecular dynamics, cellular automata, and crystal plasticity. Then, the role of alloying elements is discussed for a series of promising Mg alloys such as Mg-Al, Mg-Zn, Mg-RE(rare-earth element), Mg-Sn, and Mg-Ca *** challenges in the micro-alloying design of Mg alloys are highlighted at the end. The review is expected to provide helpful guidance for the intelligent design of novel wrought Mg alloys and inspire more innovative ideas in this field.

摘要：测试性设计是提高系统可靠性、安全性、维修性、保障性的重要前沿技术,决定了系统故障检测率和隔离率,直接影响系统的维护(测试)成本。系统测试性设计包含结构化设计、模型化设计、数据驱动设计等多种设计策略。其中,数据驱动设计于近年逐渐兴起并成为重要发展方向之一,该类方法通过对系统测试与故障之间的关系进行建模,依据测试结果进行故障推理,形成故障诊断方案。首先,简要回顾了系统测试性设计的发展历程;其次,重点介绍了测试性设计的研究进展,分析总结了结构化、模型化、数据驱动3类测试方案;然后,介绍了测试性诊断策略构建,根据测试方案中的建模方法确定诊断策略的构建技术,并总结归纳了每类技术的研究特点和适用性;最后,探讨了当前复杂系统测试性设计面临的挑战性问题和可能的未来研究方向。

摘要：针对带有执行器偏置故障和失效故障的航天器相对位置控制系统,本文提出了一种基于零和微分博弈的最优容错控制方法.首先,利用线性二次调节设计反馈控制器以保证无故障时系统的渐近稳定性能;其次,将航天器相对位置容错控制问题转换为零和微分博弈问题,结合Hamilton-Jacobi-Issac(HJI)方程和极小极大原则设计最优控制律;最后,利用自适应动态规划方法设计评判网络对最优性能函数进行估计,构成自适应控制信号,保证了系统稳定性和状态最终一致有界.仿真结果表明了本文设计的容错控制律的有效性.

摘要：通过对某8级压气机进行数值计算得到了在设计转速下船舶压气机的流场特点与失稳机理。同时以此8级压气机中的前1.5级被作为研究对象探究压气机静叶轮毂静叶局部缝隙对角区失速的影响。结果表明,在设计转速下近失速点流动的不稳定性主要发生在静叶角区,主要原因是静叶角区失速。角区出现闭式分离泡并堵塞流场。1.5级压气机的计算结果表明,设计转速下压气机的失稳原因与8级压气机相同。通过在不同位置设置静叶局部缝隙可以发现,静叶局部缝隙能够有效的拓宽压气机裕度。其中在中间位置的缝隙扩稳效果最好,可以将裕度从22.1%提升为27.2%,最大效率从93.9%下降到93.21%。其他位置间隙所产生泄漏流动量不足,无法完全消除角区失速涡。最佳静叶局部缝隙的位置是在近失速点角区失速涡的涡核处,此时能保证间隙泄漏流动量最大。

摘要：A new severe plastic deformation method for manufacturing tubes made of AZ31 magnesium alloy with a large diameter was developed,which is called the TCESE(tube continuous extrusion−shear−expanding)*** process combines direct extrusion with a two-step shear−expanding *** influences of expanding ratios,extrusion temperatures on the deformation of finite element meshes,strain evolution and flow velocity of tube blanks during the TCESE process were researched based on numerical simulations by using DEFORM-3D *** results show that the maximum expanding ratio is 3.0 in the TCESE *** deformation of finite element meshes of tube blanks is inhomogeneous in the shear−expanding zone,and the equivalent strains increase significantly during the TCESE process of the AZ31 magnesium alloy.A extrusion temperature of 380°C and expanding ratio of 2.0 were selected as the optimized process parameters from the numerical simulation *** average grain size of tubes fabricated by the TCESE process is approximately 10μ*** TCESE process can refine grains of magnesium alloy tubes with the occurrence of dynamic ***(0001)basal texture intensities of the magnesium alloy tube blanks decrease due to continuous plastic deformation during the TCESE *** average hardness of the extruded tubes is approximately HV 75,which is obviously improved.

摘要：文章通过深入分析乐郊园及其相关绘画,探讨明代造园大师张南垣的造园经验和创作意图。文章首先聚焦张南垣创建的乐郊园,从游观体验、入境感受以及构园如画3个维度详细解析了他的造园哲学。张南垣将宋元时期的绘画技艺融入园林设计之中,创造出一种动静结合的游园体验。在他的园林中,静观山水画的经验与游赏园林的动态体验相融合,形成了一种独特的由景入境审美体验,为现代园林设计奠定了重要的理念基础。张南垣园林设计中静态观赏与动态游览的结合不仅丰富了园林的观赏维度,也构成了中国文人园林美学体验的核心。通过对乐郊园的细致考察,文章旨在揭示张南垣园林艺术的深层次意涵,展现其在历史文化遗产中的价值,并为现代园林设计提供启示和灵感。

摘要：本文考虑四旋翼飞行过程中湍流风扰动的影响,以及因变工况飞行而导致的不确定动态突变问题,提出了基于输入–扰动双补偿器设计的自适应湍流风扰动抑制方案,保证了四旋翼飞行器系统的稳定和输出渐近跟踪性能.首先对风场环境下的四旋翼进行建模,研究各不同工况下的动态特性,并分析研究了四旋翼飞行器变工况飞行时的动态特性突变的表现形式以及所带来的控制难题.进而设计了一种基于输入–扰动双补偿器的系统重构方案,实现了动态系统重构,解决了关联矩阵突变为非对角型时难以解耦控制,以及相对阶结构突变时控制器结构发生突变的问题.基于重构后的系统,设计自适应的湍流风扰动抑制方案,保证四旋翼飞行器的稳定、扰动抑制和渐近输出跟踪性能.最后,对所设计的控制器进行稳定性证明,并通过仿真验证所提出控制算法的有效性.

摘要：高性能镁合金已成为运载装备轻量化的重要发展方向之一,而镁合金因其自身活泼的性质和较差的室温加工性,在传统制造技术中受到了很大限制。最近电弧增材制造技术因其沉积速率高、制造空间大、成形稳定、过程安全等特点成为高性能镁合金先进制备的重要手段之一。因此,系统综述了目前电弧增材制造镁合金的研究现状,重点综述了目前电弧增材制造技术以及其沉积态镁合金在成形、组织与性能上的特点。同时针对镁合金在制备过程中的热循环、热累积、性能薄弱等问题,总结了制备过程中的原位加工、镁合金焊丝设计、电弧成形精度控制与热处理优化等研究与现状。并根据已有研究指出了电弧增材制造镁合金存在的瓶颈问题并提出该领域需要发展与改进的方向。

摘要：研究了发生执行器故障的无人机−无人车异构编队系统的层级预设时间最优编队控制问题.以保容错性能和收敛速度的优化控制为研究主线,以层级控制、图博弈理论和预设时间控制为技术基础,构建了一种预设时间最优容错控制算法.虚拟层设计了基于一致性跟踪误差和能量消耗的二次型性能指标函数,借助耦合哈密顿−雅克比−贝尔曼(Hanmilton-Jacobi-Bellman,HJB)方程和强化学习求解近似最优控制策略,实现多智能体的同步最优控制和交互纳什均衡.实际控制层基于最优信号并利用滑模控制和自适应技术,设计了预设时间容错跟踪控制器,实现对最优编队轨迹的有限时间跟踪.在保证全局收敛时间完全不依赖于系统的初始状态和控制器参数的同时,也有效实现对执行器故障参数的逼近.最后,通过仿真实验验证了所提控制策略的有效性.