摘要：Mg-Al alloys have excellent strength and ductility but relatively low thermal conductivity due to Al *** accurate prediction of thermal conductivity is a prerequisite for designing Mg-Al alloys with high thermal ***,databases for predicting temperature-and composition-dependent thermal conductivities must be *** this study,Mg-Al-La alloys with different contents of Al2La,Al3La,and Al11La3phases and solid solubility of Al in the α-Mg phase were *** influence of the second phase(s) and Al solid solubility on thermal conductivity was *** results revealed a second phase transformation from Al_(2)La to Al_(3)La and further to Al_(11)La_(3)with the increasing Al content at a constant La *** degree of the negative effect of the second phase(s) on thermal diffusivity followed the sequence of Al2La>Al3La>Al_(11)La_(3).Compared with the second phase,an increase in the solid solubility of Al in α-Mg remarkably reduced the thermal *** the basis of the experimental data,a database of the reciprocal thermal diffusivity of the Mg-Al-La system was established by calculation of the phase diagram (CALPHAD)*** a standard error of±1.2 W/(m·K),the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental *** established database can be used to design Mg-Al alloys with high thermal conductivity and provide valuable guidance for expanding their application prospects.

摘要：Solar-driven catalysis represents a promising strategy and an important approach to provide clean energy and renewable *** decades of research on solar-driven catalysis,scientists are now focusing on module design,mechanistic study,and practical application along with catalyst design[1–6].In the

摘要：Electrochemical CO2 reduction to chemicals or fuels presents one of the most promising strategies for managing the global carbon balance, which yet poses a significant challenge due to lack of efficient and durable electrocatalyst as well as the understanding of the CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR) *** from the large surface area, high electrical conductivity, and tunable structure, carbon-based metal-free materials(CMs) have been extensively studied as cost-effective electrocatalysts for *** development of CMs with low cost, high activity and durability for CO2RR has been considered as one of the most active and competitive directions in electrochemistry and material *** this review article,some up-to-date strategies in improving the CO2RR performance on CMs are ***, the approaches to optimize the adsorption of CO2RR intermediates, such as tuning the physical and electronic structure are introduced, which can enhance the electrocatalytic activity of CMs ***, some design strategies are proposed to prepare CMs with high activity and selectivity for CO2RR.

摘要：元宇宙是对人的意识世界的模拟,是脑机接口、人工智能、虚拟现实等现代先进信息技术汇合、互动、统摄基础之上建构的人工世界,体现出较强的技术自主性,对个人的认知、群体的组织结构、社会的运作逻辑等方面都产生了深远的影响。要使技术更好地服务于人类的价值目标,就需要实现技术的民主化,建构一个元宇宙发展的异质型行动者网络,从外向与内向两条途径进行规制,使技术需求与社会需求有机地整合起来。

摘要：由于磁轴承与转子无直接物理接触、支承特性可控,在小功率等级电机环境下其损耗较低,可采用自然冷却。而对于大功率等级电机,磁轴承损耗增大,必须考虑冷却设计以降低其温升。该文以某型兆瓦级高速永磁发电机磁轴承为研究对象,在考虑径-轴向磁轴承集成状态及发电机实际内部环境条件下,基于径-轴向磁轴承三维流场、温度场分析,首先研究了自然冷却条件下磁轴承温度场特征,结果表明磁轴承温度过高,径向磁轴承定转子会产生较大热变形,增大磁轴承安全运行风险。为了解决该问题,该文结合电机空冷结构和磁轴承结构特征,提出一种集成化主动冷却结构,并仿真分析了冷却效果,结果表明进行主动冷却后径-轴向磁轴承温度明显下降,径向磁轴承定转子气隙变化量大幅减小。最后,进行样机温升试验,试验结果与仿真结果一致。

摘要：Objective Clinical medical record data associated with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF)generally have small sample sizes and a class ***,most machine learning models are designed based on balanced data and lack *** study aimed to propose a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnostic model for HBV-ACLF based on the TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment theory,which is clinically interpretable and highly *** We collected medical records from 261 patients diagnosed with HBV-ACLF,including three syndromes:Yang jaundice(214 cases),Yang-Yin jaundice(41 cases),and Yin jaundice(6 cases).To avoid overfitting of the machine learning model,we excluded the cases of Yin *** data standardization and cleaning,we obtained 255 relevant medical records of Yang jaundice and Yang-Yin *** address the class imbalance issue,we employed the oversampling method and five machine learning methods,including logistic regression(LR),support vector machine(SVM),decision tree(DT),random forest(RF),and extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)to construct the syndrome diagnosis *** study used precision,F1 score,the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC),and accuracy as model evaluation *** model with the best classification performance was selected to extract the diagnostic rule,and its clinical significance was thoroughly ***,we proposed a novel multiple-round stable rule extraction(MRSRE)method to obtain a stable rule set of features that can exhibit the model’s clinical *** The precision of the five machine learning models built using oversampled balanced data exceeded *** these models,the accuracy of RF classification of syndrome types was 0.92,and the mean F1 scores of the two categories of Yang jaundice and Yang-Yin jaundice were 0.93 and 0.94,***,the AUC was *** extraction rules of the RF syn

摘要：Perovskite solar cells are one of the most promising alternatives to conventional photovoltaic devices, and extensive studies are focused on device optimization to further improve their performance. A compact layer of TiO2 is generally used in perovskite solar cells to block holes from reaching the fluorine-doped tin oxide electrode. In this contribution, we engineered a TiO2 compact layer using Nb doping, which resulted in solar cells with a power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 10.26%, which was higher than that of devices with the same configuration but containing a pristine TiO2 compact layer （PCE = 9.22%）. The device performance enhancement was attributed to the decreased selective contact resistance and increased charge recombination resistance resulting from Nb doping, which was revealed by the impedance spectroscopy measurements. The developed strategy highlights the importance of interface optimization for perovskite solar cells.

摘要：In order to investigate the real-time cracking behavior of each component of a composite with strong interfacial bonding among lamellae, Ti-18 Nb(at.%) composite was prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS), followed by hot-rolling, annealing, and quenching. The microstructure and mechanical properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), micro-region X-ray diffractometry(MRXRD), nanoindentation, and in-situ scanning electron microscopy tensile testing. The results show that the Ti-18 Nb consists of Ti-enriched, diffusion and Nb-enriched zones, and the sharp Nb gradient across different zones leads to inhomogeneous distribution of phase and mechanical properties. A remarkable finding is that the diffusion zones not only enable the cooperative deformation between the brittle Ti-enriched zones and the ductile Nb-enriched zones but also act as the crack-arresters to prevent the local cracks in the Ti-enriched zones from further propagating across the composite.

摘要：为了提高多孔零件的设计自由度、内部力学性能梯度与实际应力分布的匹配度,提出一种应力驱动的2.5D梯度各向异性维诺多孔零件轻量化设计方法。将零件有限元分析结果分解为应力标量场和应力方向场,通过加权随机采样算法将应力标量场映射为零件设计域内的维诺站点分布,实现零件内部力学性能的梯度分布;将应力方向场映射为二维黎曼流形,提出一种基于胞元择优方向生长策略的各向异性维诺图生成算法,生成胞元沿黎曼流形分布的各向异性维诺图。在此基础上,通过偏置算法、调和距离场和拉伸算法生成光滑的梯度各向异性维诺多孔零件。最后,采用有限元分析、三点弯曲实验等方法将所设计的多孔零件和其他多孔零件进行比较分析。实验结果表明,所提出的梯度各向异性维诺多孔零件建模方法能有效提升零件内部力学性能梯度与实际应力分布的匹配度,降低材料消耗,实现轻量化设计。

摘要：琴台美术馆外形独特,需要在屋面形成“梯田”流淌的奇妙景观,因此导致屋面汇水分区繁杂。屋面雨水的径流组织和排放需要与其造型紧密契合,除了最大限度地减少采用雨水系统管道快速外排外,还需要结合海绵城市建设目标要求,优化屋顶海绵设施选型,减少快排的雨水径流总量。为了确保屋面雨水排放安全,防止美术馆藏品在储藏、陈列过程中受到水渍影响,在兼顾室内空间布置丰富多样的条件下,采用北侧大屋面导水沟集中汇水、设置虹吸雨水沉箱排水,南侧大屋面导水沟分区汇水、重力自流排水,实现了屋面雨水排水的生态与安全完美组合。