摘要：气候智慧型农业(Climate-smart agriculture,CSA)已成为推动农业绿色发展议程的核心要素。深入探究全球范围内CSA研究进展,有助于提升学术界和实践者对该领域的理解和评估。本文基于Web of Science(WoS)数据库,检索2014-01-01至2023-08-11发表的814篇CSA相关主题的论文,运用文献计量学方法重点剖析国际CSA研究热点。结果表明:(1)2018年后CSA论文发表数量与被引用次数均快速上升,环境科学、可持续性研究、农学的多学科交叉领域是CSA研究核心;(2)气候型智慧农业、气候变化、采用、保护性农业、管理、粮食安全、减缓和农户等为热点关键词;(3)研究热点主要包括CSA重要实践模式之一的保护性农业、CSA对土壤有机碳的影响与量化、CSA在不同区域应用效果、影响农户采纳CSA的关键因素和CSA相关决策支持,揭示出不同国家和地区在实施CSA过程中效果不同,农户采纳CSA的关键因素呈多元化特点,提示政策制定者在设计和推行CSA策略时须全面考虑多元化因素,以确保在全球各地实现CSA措施的有效推广和本土化应用;(4)2014−2023年引文量激增的25篇论文主要集中在保护性农业、CSA的应用与挑战,以及气候变化对农业的影响及应对策略等核心问题上。

摘要：The practical application of solid polymer electrolytes in high-energy Li metal batteries is hindered by Li dendrites,electrochemical instability and insufficient ion *** address these issues,flexible composite polymer electrolyte(CPE)membranes with three dimensional(3D)aramid nanofiber(ANF)frameworks are facilely fabricated by filling polyethylene oxide(PEO)-lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide(Li TFSI)electrolyte into 3D ANF *** of the unique composite structure design and the continuous ion conduction at the 3D ANF framework/PEO-Li TFSI interfaces,the CPE membranes show higher mechanical strength(10.0 MPa),thermostability,electrochemical stability(4.6 V at 60℃)and ionic conductivity than the pristine PEO-Li TFSI ***,the CPEs display greatly improved interfacial stability against Li dendrites(≥1000 h at 30℃under 0.10 m A cm-2),compared with the pristine electrolyte(short circuit in 13 h).The CPE-based all-solid-state LiFePO4/Li cells also exhibit superior cycling performance(e.g.,130 mA h g-1 with 93%retention after 100 cycles at 0.4 C)than the ANF-free cells(e.g.,82 mA h g-1 with 66%retention).This work offers a simple and effective way to achieve high-performance composite electrolyte membranes with 3D nanofiller framework for promising solid-state Li metal battery applications.

摘要：页岩气调查井通常地质条件复杂,钻探难度大。在对页岩气调查川沐地2井井壁稳定性分析的基础上,优选了有机硅聚合物钻井液体系,并通过正交试验,明确了有机硅改性聚合物、多级配超细碳酸钙、乳化石蜡和硅氟聚合物等主要处理剂的最优加量,形成了基本配方,在室内实验评价中该体系展现了良好的抗钻屑污染能力、抗钙侵能力、抑制性和封堵性。现场应用表明,川沐地2井在采用有机硅聚合物钻井液体系后,井内复杂情况得到明显改善,有效保障了井内安全,并顺利钻进至设计井深,实现了地质目标,钻进效率相比同区域同类型钻井大幅提高。研究成果可为页岩气调查井复杂地层钻探钻井液的选择与应用提供借鉴。

摘要：引言:在南京以及一系列中国重要城市的研究特辑中,《建筑实践》和相关研究团队的学术目标,在于从一个新的时代背景下,探索中国当代城市在经历快速发展所不可回避的趋同性之后所呈现的辨识特征和文化复兴。本次研讨会邀请了多位与南京城市建筑密切相关的研讨嘉宾。

摘要：Galloping cheetahs,climbing mountain goats,and load hauling horses all show desirable locomotion capability,which motivates the development of quadruped *** various quadruped robots,hydraulically driven quadruped robots show great potential in unstructured environments due to their discrete landing positions and large *** the most critical movement unit of a quadruped robot,the limb leg unit(LLU)directly affects movement speed and reliability,and requires a compact and lightweight *** by the dexterous skeleton–muscle systems of cheetahs and humans,this paper proposes a highly integrated bionic actuator system for a better dynamic performance of an *** propose that a cylinder barrel with multiple element interfaces and internal smooth channels is realized using metal additive manufacturing,and hybrid lattice structures are introduced into the lightweight design of the piston *** addition,additive manufacturing and topology optimization are incorporated to reduce the redundant material of the structural parts of the *** mechanical properties of the actuator system are verified by numerical simulation and experiments,and the power density of the actuators is far greater than that of cheetah *** mass of the optimized LLU is reduced by 24.5%,and the optimized LLU shows better response time performance when given a step signal,and presents a good trajectory tracking ability with the increase in motion frequency.

摘要：将顶空平衡法和气相色谱仪相结合,通过自主设计和优化测试实现了技术升级,建立了可自动化进样并同步测定水中溶解CH_(4)和CO_(2)浓度的新型气相色谱系统及方法.结果表明,本系统线性范围宽且运行稳定,自动化程度更高,运行成本更低.该系统对CH_(4)的测定精密度优于0.16%,准确度优于0.02%,满足水中溶解CH_(4)浓度监测需求.基于本方法,于2022年8月对京杭大运河杭州段水体中溶解CH_(4)开展了试观测研究.结果显示:夏季京杭大运河杭州段水体中溶解CH_(4)浓度平均值为(642.4±423.3)nmol/L,饱和度平均值为(22310±14701)%,水-气界面CH_(4)扩散通量平均值为(548.57±603.70)μmol/(m^(2)·d),是大气CH_(4)的净源.根据该河段的面积,可估算观测期内CH_(4)的日均排放量约为1710mol,相当于大约38.31m^(3)天然气或约82.94kg碳.

摘要：目的以海南地域文化元素与旅游文创产品结合设计为切入点,分析海南多种地域文化元素在旅游文创产品中的设计应用;探索旅游文创产品在海南地域文化滋养下所造就的各种设计形式与创新方法。方法从海南旅游文创产品设计的现状、应用及发展的视角出发,提出将海南经典地域文化元素与旅游文创产品设计融合,对海南特色文化元素进行分析,并具体论述海南旅游特色文创产品与黎族文化元素、海南特有坡鹿文化元素的融合设计应用;并以两者结合的重要价值为依据,深入总结旅游文创产品中的设计构思、产品受众、创意形式等思路,探讨了文化、功能、情感等层面的有效应用与创新。对此进一步提出海南本地特色文化应与当地旅游文创产品深度结合发展的建设性意见。结论在旅游文创产品设计中融入海南地域文化元素,并聚焦其有价值的元素,对此展开深度的挖掘,给予文创更多的地域文化内涵,更好地体现海南地域文化元素的特征。将海南当地黎族地域文化元素与旅游文创产品结合设计、创新应用,有利于推动旅游文创产品及创新设计,可以让海南旅游文创产品设计更具有历史性、文化性、独特性。地域文化视域下旅游文创产品设计应以丰富的内涵和文化属性迎合当代人的审美观念,并以人们日常生活与地域文化为主要参考,突出设计者的独特创意,构建人与产品、文化的完美结合,以丰富而独特的旅游文创产品赢得良好的社会效果。

摘要：A novel adaptive fault-tolerant control scheme in the differential algebraic framework was proposed for attitude control of a heavy lift launch vehicle （HLLV）. By using purely mathematical transformations, the decoupled input-output representations of HLLV were derived, rendering three decoupled second-order systems, i.e., pitch, yaw and roll channels. Based on a new type of numerical differentiator, a differential algebraic observer （DAO） was proposed for estimating the system states and the generalized disturbances, including various disturbances and additive fault torques. Driven by DAOs, three improved proportional-integral- differential （PID） controllers with disturbance compensation were designed for pitch, yaw and roll control. All signals in the closed-loop system were guaranteed to be ultimately uniformly bounded by utilization of Lyapunov＇s indirect method. The convincing numerical simulations indicate that the proposed control scheme is successful in achieving high performance in the presence of parametric perturbations, external disturbances, noisy corruptions, and actuator faults.

摘要：特色文化产业是国家文化软实力的象征,艺术设计创意人才为特色文化产业发展提供智力支持和科技保障。以盘锦市文化产业发展为例,践行产学研协同创新,探索艺术设计创意人才培养的有效模式。

摘要：针对老年人群在信息科技产品使用中面临的数字鸿沟问题,以数字打车产品为例,提出运用心智模型理论和方法指导,开展基于老年人心智的产品适老化设计研究。(1)收集老年人使用数字产品打车出行时的心智信息,对语音数据关键词文本进行信息编码,获得链接节点表格和过程链路图,并借助系统聚类分析方法产出心智节点聚类网络,提取出老年人在使用数字打车产品过程中存在的心智差异和缺口;(2)运用亲和图法构建老年人使用数字产品打车出行全流程心智空间,通过产品信息架构和功能流程设计填补各阶段心智空间缺口,整合交互流程,形成基于老年人心智的产品原型方案;(3)通过可用性任务测试和可用性度量评价对产品方案的适老可用性进行评估。研究指出,数字打车产品适老化设计的实质是填补老年人既有心智经验与产品使用需求能力之间的差距、引导老年人跨越数字鸿沟的过程。