摘要：The theme of Raphael’s Disputàdel Sacramento(Disputation of the Holy Sacrament)has perplexed scholars over the *** the subject of theology has been mentioned,no one has shown in depth how the painting reflects theology or how the figures work together to present a unified theme on *** remain concerning the broader theological meaning of the Disputà.This study will reexamine the material and offer a deeper interpretation based on early Christian iconography and a study of figures from early Church *** an early Christian point of view,it will be shown how the presence of specific figures in the Disputàexplain the Eucharistic tradition through apostolic succession since the time of the early Church.

摘要：The earliest known image of the binding of Isaac,known as the Akedah,is on a Torah shrine in a synagogue in Dura Europos,Syria dating before 244(fig.1).It shows a fully developed iconography of a young Isaac on the altar with the burning wood,the ram by the tree,Abraham holding the knife,and the hand of God issuing from a *** the visual narrative is largely based on the account of the Akedah in Genesis 22,it also relies on details found in other Jewish literary sources that include the Talmud,Targum Onkelos,Targum Pseudo-Jonathan,commentary on Genesis by Rashi,Midrash account of Pirkei De Rabbi Eliezer,and Genesis *** paper will present unexplored Jewish sources for the iconography of the Akedah/Sacrifice of Isaac in art of late Antiquity.