摘要：Zinc-air batteries(ZnABs) with high theoretical capacity and environmental benignity are the most promising candidates for next-generation electronics. However, their large-scale applications are greatly hindered due to the lack of high-efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts. Transition metal phosphides(TMPs) have been reported as promising electrocatalysts. Notably,(Ni_(1-x)Cr_(x))_(2) P(0≤x≤0.15) is an unstable electrocatalyst, which undergoes in-situ electrochemical oxidation during the initial oxygen evolution reaction(OER) and even in the activation cycles, and is eventually converted to Cr-NiOOH serving as the actual OER active sites with high efficiency. Density functional theory(DFT) simulations and experimental results elucidate that the OER performance could be significantly promoted by the synergistic effect of surface engineering and electronic modulations by Cr doping and in-situ phase transformation. The constructed rechargeable ZnABs could stably cycle for more than 208 h at 5 m A cm^(-2), while the voltage degradation is negligible. Furthermore, the developed catalytic materials could be assembled into flexible and all-solid-state Zn ABs to power wearable electronics with high performance.

摘要：针对凸多面体组合结构提出了一种浮态计算新方法。首先对浮体进行四面体网格剖分,然后利用二重迭代法计算水面方程。二重迭代法包含内、外两层迭代,分别模拟浮体的升沉和旋转运动。针对某半潜式海洋平台,展开了浮态模型实验。文中将提出的算法与著名计算机辅助船舶设计和制造软件Maxsurf进行了对比测试。实验和对比测试结果表明:该方法具有清晰的物理意义,算法精确可靠、收敛性好,比传统方法更适合分析“凸多面体”组合结构的浮态问题。