摘要：As one of the main load-carrying components of cable-stayed bridges,bridge towers are typically required to remain elastic even when subjected to severe ground motions with a 2%-3%probability of exceedance in 50 *** fulfill this special requirement imposed by current seismic design codes,reinforcement ratios in the bridge towers have to be kept significantly higher than if limited ductility behavior of the tower is *** addition,since the foundation capacity is closely related to the moment and shear capacities of the bridge tower,a large increase in bridge construction cost for elastically designed cable-stayed bridge is *** further investigate the possibility of limited ductility bridge tower design strategies,a new 1/20-scale cable-stayed bridge model with H-shaped bridge towers designed according to strong strut-weak tower column design was *** shake table experimental results are compared with a previous strong tower column-weak strut designed full bridge model.A comparison of the results show that ductility design with plastic hinges located on tower columns,i.e.,strong strut-weak tower column design,is another effective seismic design strategy that results in only small residual displacement at the top of the tower column,even under very severe earthquake excitations.

摘要：由于地震作用下车辆和公路桥梁相互耦合作用的复杂性,目前对其相互作用机理的研究较少,导致各国现行公路桥梁抗震设计规范关于桥梁在地震作用时是否需要考虑活载作用仍然存在分歧.现有研究表明,车辆既可能对桥梁的地震响应产生有利影响,也可能产生不利的影响.本文在已有的研究基础上,对车桥耦合接触行为进行简化模拟,采用能量法对车辆-公路桥梁耦合作用机理进行分析.结果表明:车桥耦合作用对输入到桥梁水平方向能量的影响可以忽略不计,但会导致输入到桥梁竖向总能量的减小,因而使桥梁的竖向地震响应减小,而输入到车辆竖向的能量则主要来自桥面振动;此外,车辆质量越小,桥梁振动产生的对车辆水平方向的能量输入越大.

摘要：近年来,随着我国人均汽车保有量的增加,国内交通密度增大,交通拥堵加剧,再加上重卡超载现象越来越严重,机动车辆荷载对中小跨径桥梁的影响显著增大,也提高了地震发生时桥上有车的概率;另一方面,近断层地震动具有显著的竖向效应,已有震害表明车辆与桥梁在较强的竖向地震动作用下容易产生车桥分离或碰撞的现象。因此,考虑近断层地震动作用下车辆对桥梁动力响应的影响将有助于准确评估桥梁的抗震性能。文章以一座典型的3跨连续梁桥为工程背景,采用考虑车辆与桥面动态接触或分离的模型对实际近断层地震动作用下的车桥耦合系统的动力响应进行统计分析,研究车辆对桥梁的动力放大作用、车桥分离现象及其影响规律。结果表明,在车桥不分离的情况下,考虑车辆影响在80%的工况下会减小桥梁的竖向位移响应,但随着竖向PGA的增大,车辆对桥梁的动力作用逐渐趋于不利;其次,车桥之间的动力相互作用可能导致不止一次的车桥分离,最大接触力在大多数情况下发生在首次分离与二次分离之间,最大可能达到车辆重量的7.9倍,会对桥面局部受力产生极其不利的影响,且车桥分离的时间随着车辆竖向频率的增大而增加,但这种现象与地震动的竖向PGA没有直接关系,对桥梁的竖向位移响应影响也不大。

摘要：建立了典型城市高架桥的车‒桥耦合作用简化模型,利用非线性接触单元模拟桥面和车辆之间的耦合,并选取不同频谱特性的竖向地震动作为激励,研究汽车质量、频率、地震动频谱特性和峰值加速度等多个参数对车‒桥耦合系统动力响应的影响。结果表明,车辆质量和车辆振动频率以及地震动频谱特性均对车桥耦合系统有较大的影响,在共计1866个工况中有221个工况出现了车桥分离的现象;车桥分离对桥梁竖向位移响应多表现为不利,同时还大幅增加了车辆对桥面的碰撞力;在统计意义上,车桥分离的峰值加速度的平均值随着汽车质量的增加而增加,随着汽车频率的增加而减小,随着地震动平均周期的增大而减小。