摘要：Due to the complex high-temperature characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel,the research on the long-term working process of parallel channel structure under variable working conditions,especially under high heat-mass ratio,has not been systematically carried *** this paper,the heat transfer and flow characteristics of related high temperature fuels are studied by using typical engine parallel channel *** numeri⁃cal simulation and systematic experimental verification,the flow and heat transfer characteristics of parallel chan⁃nels under typical working conditions are obtained,and the effectiveness of high-precision calculation method is preliminarily *** is known that the stable time required for hot start of regenerative cooling engine is about 50 s,and the flow resistance of parallel channel structure first increases and then decreases with the in⁃crease of equivalence ratio(The following equivalence ratio is expressed byΦ),and there is a flow resistance peak in the range ofΦ=0.5~*** is mainly caused by the coupling effect of high temperature physical proper⁃ties,flow rate and pressure of fuel in parallel *** the same time,the cooling and heat transfer character⁃istics of parallel channels under some conditions of high heat-mass ratio are obtained,and the main factors affect⁃ing the heat transfer of parallel channels such as improving surface roughness and strengthening heat transfer are *** the experiment,whenΦis less than 0.9,the phenomenon of local heat transfer enhancement and deterioration can be obviously observed,and the temperature rise of local structures exceeds 200℃,which is the risk of structural ***,the reliability of long-term parallel channel structure under the condition of high heat-mass ratio should be fully considered in structural design.

摘要：为解决低进气量条件下油气涡轮功率与效率提升困难的问题,本文结合裂解油气物性特点,针对性地提出了局部进气裂解油气向心涡轮设计方案。通过数值仿真详细分析了向心式油气涡轮在设计工况下的内部流动特征,并总结了非设计工况下轮周效率随压比、转速以及正癸烷裂解度的变化规律与影响机制。仿真结果表明,本文所设计油气涡轮在0.5 kg/s进气量条件下可实现38.8 kW功率输出,轮周效率为68%,能够满足油气涡轮气动设计需求。根据结果分析可知,随着压比的增大,轮周效率呈现出先增大后减小的趋势:低压比条件下轮周效率增大主要与转子入口攻角损失有关;高压比条件下轮周效率降低则主要是由于激波损失及其引发的附面层分离损失不断增大导致的。研究表明,轮周效率随转速、裂解度发生变化时与转子入口攻角有直接关系,其中,油气工质裂解度每提高20%,涡轮轮周效率可提高13%左右。

摘要：从涡轮结构形式的角度探究了油气涡轮轴向力平衡问题。建立了半开式、开式与闭式3种局部进气裂解油气向心涡轮,通过数值仿真对比分析了设计工况下3种油气涡轮的气动性能与轴向力,并归纳总结了非设计工况下总轴向力随压比的变化规律。仿真结果表明:半开式、开式与闭式油气涡轮的总体气动性能相近但轴向力表现有明显的差别。当涡轮压比发生变化时,开式油气涡轮轴向力稳定性最好,半开式油气涡轮轴向力稳定性最差,闭式油气涡轮轴向力始终是3种油气涡轮中最小的。由结果分析可知,当涡轮压比低于3时,应避免选用半开式油气涡轮,而涡轮压比变化较大时,则宜采用开式油气涡轮,此外,在采用闭式油气涡轮时需要轴承预留足够的轴向载荷裕度。

摘要：为实现航空发动机内部热环境与热沉的有效交互,探究换热元件的流动换热特性。以航空发动机燃油系统回油冷却换热器为例,开展了小管径矩形翅片管式空气-燃油换热器流动换热性能试验研究。试验采用高温燃油与常温空气两股工质在换热器中进行能量交换,探究换热器在不同工况下的流动与换热性能,获取矩形翅片管式换热单元管外流动换热经验关联式。结果表明:矩形翅片管式换热单元的表面传热系数约为相同结构参数光滑管束换热单元的44%,且试验结构换热单元阻力系数高于光滑管束单元,在进行翅片管束换热器设计时应综合考虑翅片对流动换热性能的影响。试验获取的翅片管式换热单元管外努塞尔数经验关联式与阻力系数经验关联式拟合偏差均不超过5%,较为准确地反应了换热单元外侧的流动换热特性。