摘要：Road friction coefficient real-time estimation methods is an important issue and problem in automotive active safety con- trol system development. First a fixed feedback gain sliding mode observer of road adhesion coefficient is designed through the es-tablishment of tire/road dynamic friction model in this article. The simulation results shows that the observer can well real-time iden-tify the current road adhesion characteristics. And more importantly, the observer only need wheel speed signal and the braking torque （brake pressure） signal, so the system is low cost, and its adaptability is good. There is no doubt this estimation method has a good application prospect.

摘要：文中在深度调研国内相关高校的实验实训教学现状的基础上,结合新常态下我国政治、经济、教育的变化,重点对经管类专业实验实训教学发展趋势及问题进行分析和阐述。从培养目标、教学设计、教学方式、手段、内容、师资建设等方面入手,提出了经管类实验实训"六个新常态"化,为提高素质、人才培养提供借鉴依据,从而促进经管类专业的实验实训教学的进一步变革发展。

摘要：In this work,we designed and synthesized a novel naphthalenediimide-based n-type conjugated polymer PNDICI,which bears asymmetric backbone containing a 3-chlorothiophene *** asymmetric structure associated with steric effects of the chlorine atom imparts remarkable solubility to PNDICI in various organic solvents,enabling the fabrication of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs)by using an environmentally friendly solvent of *** with a novel pyrrolo[3,4-f]benzotriazole-5,7(6H)-dione based p-type conjugated polymer P2F-Si with deep highest occupied molecular orbital energy level,the resulting d-limonene-processed all-PSCs presents an impressively high open-circuit voltage of approaching 1.0 V,corresponding to a very small energy loss of 0.49 *** further morphology optimization by usingγ-valerolactone,we demonstrated an impressive device efficiency of 4.2%,which is among the best photovoltaic performance of devices processed using d-limonene and comparable to that processed by conventional solvent,suggesting the great promise of using greener solvent for fabricating high-performance all-PSCs.

摘要：Transverse pressure gradient(TPG)is one of the key factors influencing the boundary layer airflow diversion in a bump *** paper proposes a novel TPG-based hypersonic bump inlet design *** method consists of two ***,a parametric optimization approach is employed to design a series of 2D inlets with various compression ***,according to the prescribed TPG,the optimized inlets are placed in different osculating planes to generate a 3D bump *** method provides a means to directly control the aerodynamic parameters of the bump rather than the geometric *** performing this method to a hypersonic chin inlet,a long and wide bump surface is formed in the compression wall,which leads to good integration of the bump/*** show that a part of the near-wall boundary layer flow is diverted by the bump,resulting in a slight decrease in the mass flow but a significant improvement in the total pressure *** addition,the starting ability is significantly improved by adding the bump *** reveals that the bump has a 3D rebuilding effect on the large-scale separation bubble of the unstarted ***,a mass flow correction is performed on the designed bump inlet to increase the mass flow to full airflow *** results show that the mass flow rate of the corrected bump inlet reaches up to 0.9993,demonstrating that the correction method is effective.

摘要：Reaction runaway has longtime been an issue in chemical industry as it often leads to severe accidents if not controlled and inhibited *** we have reviewed several key considerations and procedures to prevent such phenomena,including inherently safer reactor design,thermal risk assessment and early warning detection of runaway,and pointed out that the basic principle underlying is necessary heat management and construction of resilient *** inherently safer reactor design,important factors such as heat removal,heat capacitance,flow behaviors and explosive behaviors have been *** survey shows that heat exchanger(HEX) reactor and microreactor outperform traditional ***,we have looked into the effect of thermal risk ranking and safety operation region determining for thermal risk assessment,and the influence of runaway criteria and construction methods for early detection of reaction runaway as *** shows that thermal risk assessment plays a key role on process design,and early warning detection system(EWDS) is preferable on prevention of reaction *** the end,perspectives regarding inherently safer designs with the measures discussed above have been provided.

摘要：With a growing population, an increasing number of petrochemical facilities are built with larger capacity and more complexity, which pose a great risk to assets, community and environment. The value of inherently safer design is recognized with time by all stakeholders, and an effective tool is needed to evaluate and compare inherent safety of alternative technologies. This study developed a safety index to evaluate existing technologies for their safety levels and guide inherently safer design. The Integrated Risk-based Safety Index(IRSI) was developed based on a comprehensive review of petrochemical processes, incident cases from Sinopec and US Chemical Safety Board, and existing safety index systems. The IRSI included all major hazards, including fire, explosion,toxic release, dust explosion, physical explosion, and runaway. Also, the integrated life cycle approach considered chemical hazards, equipment failure rates and safety measures in this risk-based index. Advanced modeling techniques, PHAST simulation and Neural Network, were used in the development of three novel sub-indices in the projects, fire, explosion and toxic release. The index system could be easily incorporated into a user friendly tool for the ease of application. A case study of hydrogen dioxide was conducted using the IRSI, which showed its capability for evaluating the safety level of process facilities.

摘要：利用ADAMS软件建立麦弗逊悬架转向机构的虚拟样机模型,分析了转向机构中的关键点对阿克曼转向特性和车轮前束角变化特性的影响,对转向梯形进行了优化计算.优化计算过程中把麦弗逊悬架系统和转向机构作为一个整体系统进行运动分析,考虑了车轮跳动对转向误差的影响,并根据转向过程中的实际情况给予不同的权重,使得计算结果更符合实际情况.结果表明,优化设计后改善了转向梯形的运动特性和车轮前束角的变化特性.

摘要：装载机铲斗的铲装性能是确定装载机牵引性能和整体参数的重要因素,铲斗形状尺寸对铲装性能具有明显的影响。为设计合理的铲斗形状以减少铲装阻力,提高铲装性能,首先基于离散元素法,从散体力学的角度获取更为精确可重复性的作业阻力,并以此为依据揭示切削刃对铲装性能的影响。提出在满足铲斗斗容设计的前提下,铲斗切削刃和参数设计的新方法,并对现有几种切削刃进行了铲装性能的评估分析,为面向不同物料环境下切削刃的选择提供了指导依据和参考方法。利用该方法对铲斗切削刃形状进行设计探讨,为铲斗参数影响和设计研究提供了新思路,对企业优化设计与生产实践具有一定指导意义。

摘要：对融合了主动前轮转向的电动助力转向系统,主动转向引入的附加转角使得轮胎侧向力发生突变,从而导致转向盘力矩会发生突变。虽然轮胎力不易直接测量,但是扩展卡尔曼滤波算法可以实现对非线性轮胎力的估计,为解决转向盘力矩突变找到实现方法。建立了非线性车辆数学模型,并构建基于扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的轮胎侧向力观测器,根据得到的轮胎侧向力的估计值对转向盘力矩突变进行补偿,实现了车辆状态估计与车辆控制的结合。在MATLAB/Simulink里的仿真分析验证了控制策略的有效性。

摘要：对埋刮板输送机的输送原理进行了简述,重点对埋刮板输送机选型的基本设计与计算及主要技术参数的确定进行了较为详细的论述,并对设计与计算中存在的问题进行了探讨,以期科学合理地设计和使用埋刮板输送机。