摘要：对虾遗传多样性和育种研究需要大量的分子标记。作者利用凡纳滨对虾(litopenaeus vannamei)转录组测序数据,采用MISA软件进行微卫星序列挖掘,共获得14 767条微卫星序列。统计发现在凡纳滨对虾中微卫星出现的频率为16.76%;在所有的微卫星序列中,2碱基微卫星最多,占59.53%;其次是3碱基微卫星,占35.78%。随机选取其中74条序列设计引物,通过DNA混池扩增和分型的方法进行微卫星标记的开发,PCR扩增的显示有54对(72.97%)能扩增出清晰的目的条带,进一步分型的结果显示27条(36.49%)微卫星显示出多态性,从这些多态性的微卫星位点中选择11个位点在"科海1号"种质库材料中进行个体分型,结果显示在该群体中微卫星标记的等位基因数目为2~11个不等,期望杂合度值为0.256~0.858,观察杂合度为0.213~0.875,多态性信息含量为0.221~0.830,在11个位点中有4个位点显著偏离HWE(P<0.05)。本研究结果为后续使用微卫星标记进行对虾遗传学研究,促进对虾的遗传选育和种质资源保护提供了重要基础。

摘要：为了简化中频解调电路的外围接口电路,缩小芯片面积,提高芯片的通用性和可靠性,在I2C总线数据传输协议的基础上,设计一个兼容I2C协议的中频解调接口电路。为了防止芯片地址冲突,增加了4位地址选择位,并重点对接口电路的状态机与控制逻辑进行优化设置。仿真结果表明,该电路功能正确,可靠性高,可广泛用于TV,VTR,PC,STB等方面。

摘要：目的:探讨结核感染T细胞斑点试验(***)联合血清糖类抗原125(CA125)、γ干扰素诱导蛋白10(IP-10)对肺结核合并糖尿病的诊断价值。方法:选取2021年1月~2023年1月上海中医药大学附属第七人民医院收治的480例疑似肺结核患者,根据诊断结果分为A组(肺结核合并糖尿病患者)166例、B组(单纯肺结核患者)214例、C组(非结核分枝杆菌感染和非糖尿病患者)100例。所有研究对象均进行***,并采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清CA125、IP-10水平。通过绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析***联合血清CA125、IP-10水平对肺结核合并糖尿病的诊断价值。结果:A组***阳性率低于B组,但高于C组,B组***阳性率高于C组(P<0.05);A组抗原培养滤液蛋白10(CFP10)、早期分泌性抗原靶蛋白6-kD(ESAT-6)原值高于B组、C组,B组抗原CFP10、抗原ESAT-6原值高于C组(P<0.05)。A组血清CA125、IP-10水平高于B组和C,B组血清CA125、IP-10水平高于C组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,***、CA125、IP-10、***+CA125、***+IP-10、三项联合诊断肺结核合并糖尿病的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.771、0.769、0.779、0.880、0.885、0.937;三项联合诊断肺结核合并糖尿病的AUC大于***、CA125、IP-10单独和联合诊断。结论:肺结核合并糖尿病患者***阳性率和血清CA125、IP-10水平升高,***联合血清CA125、IP-10能提升肺结核合并糖尿病的诊断价值。

摘要：目的 通过大规模多中心的多种遗传病携带者筛查,调查中国人群单基因病的流行病学特征以及突变谱,为制定适合中国人群的遗传病预防策略提供依据。方法 本研究在中国的12个临床中心共招募33 104例受检者(16 610例女性),基于高通量测序和多种PCR对223个基因的携带者状态进行检测。结果 197个常染色体基因的合并携带者频率为55.58%,26个X连锁基因的合并携带者频率为1.84%。在16 669例家系中,共检出874对(5.24%)高危夫妇。其中常染色体基因高危夫妇584对(3.50%),X连锁基因高危夫妇306对(1.84%),16对夫妇同时为常染色体基因和X连锁基因高危夫妇。最常检出的常染色体高危基因包括GJB2(常染色体隐性耳聋1A,393对),HBA1/HBA2(α-地中海贫血,36对)和PAH(苯丙酮尿症,14对),SMN1(脊髓性肌萎缩症,14对)。最常检出的X连锁高危基因包括G6PD(G6PD缺乏症,236对),DMD(进行性假肥大性肌营养不良,23对)和FMR1(脆性X综合征,17对)。除外G6PD后的高危夫妇率为3.91%(651/16 669),进一步除外GJB2 c.109G>A位点后,高危夫妇率为1.72%(287/16 669)。理论上严重的单基因病出生缺陷的发病率约为4.35‰(72.5/16 669)。对导致高危夫妇最多的22个基因进行筛查可检出95%以上的高危夫妇,对导致高危夫妇最多的54个基因进行筛查可检出99%以上的高危夫妇。结论 本研究揭示了我国人群中223种单基因病的携带者频率,为中国人群的携带者筛查策略制定和panel设计提供依据。在携带者筛查实践中,针对某些特殊基因或变异位点的遗传咨询可能会面临困难。这些特殊基因或变异需要在检测前告知受检夫妇,并在可能的情况下提供不筛查这些基因或变异的选择。

摘要：When conducting dynamic tests of underground structure by a rigid container, reasonable boundary conditions are one of the essential factors related to the accuracy of test results, especially the artificial boundary perpendicular to the excitation direction. On the basis of numerous studies, shaking table tests with four different typical boundaries are performed in this study. The tests consider the seismic intensity and seismic wave types. Then, the simulation effects of the four boundary conditions are evaluated from four aspects as follows: the differential rate of peak acceleration, acceleration curve, similarity of Fourier frequency spectra, and uneven soil settlement in rigid containers. Results show that the simulation effects of the boundary conditions are not only affected by the nature of the boundary material but also related to the seismic intensity, types of seismic waves, and filter characteristic of the filling medium in containers. In comparison with the other three types of boundary condition, foamed polyethylene shows the best simulation effect and its effect decreases gradually with the increase in earthquake intensity. Finally, on the basis of existing studies, the evaluation criteria of boundary effect, the principle for the selection of boundary material type and the thickness of boundary material are discussed and summarized, and the corresponding design methods and suggestions are then provided.

摘要：燃油离心泵是航空发动机控制系统的关键动力元件,结合当前航空燃油离心泵技术发展和设计需要,本文总结对比了离心泵典型参数化设计及优化设计方法。分析了离心泵四种参数化设计方法的技术特点及其局限,考虑到离心泵参数设计方法中存在的随机性和盲目性问题,进一步补充分析了离心泵的结构优化方法,包括基于启发式算法的全局优化方法、基于梯度的优化设计方法和基于代理模型的优化设计方法三类,并指出了三类优化设计方法亟待解决的科学和技术问题。在此基础上,通过分析国外航空发动机燃油离心泵的发展状况,指出了我国航空发动机燃油离心泵所面临的技术挑战、问题和技术发展方向,并立足于现有国内设计基础,给出了夯实我国航空燃油离心泵设计能力需开展的基础性研究工作。

摘要：A novel tobacco-curing system with a solar-assisted heat pump was *** proposed system has various advantages,such as reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions and enhancing the stability of system *** thermal characteristics of the system under different climate conditions were analyzed,and the economic and environmental benefits of different tobacco-curing technologies were *** indicated that the dehydration rate,the mass flux of exhaust air,and the heat load of the novel tobacco-curing system in different months had similar changes with the baking time,and all reached the maximum in the later stage of color *** with the power saving rate of a heat pump tobacco-curing system,that of the novel system reached 25.9%-35.1%.The dry leaf curing cost of the novel system was only 0.86-1.06 yuan/kg,which can reduce the cost by more than 60%compared with traditional coal-burning tobacco-curing systems in *** with other parts of the tobacco leaf,the top leaf had the lowest dry leaf curing cost due to its highest mass of dry *** payback period and the annual CO_(2) emission reduction of the novel system were 3.0-3.7 a and 15586 kg,respectively.

摘要：Impact testing is a primary method to evaluate the impact property of resistance spot welding,which is an important quality index in automotive *** testing impact properties of spot welds,many customized testers have been *** paper summarized some of the impact testers reported in open literatures and the emphasis was placed on the equipment structures,functions,technical parameters,advantages and disadvantage,*** key issues about the development of the testers such as kinematic energy input mode,fixture design,combined load testing,sensor and data acquisition were ***,the problems and prospects in the research and development of impact testers for spot welds were pointed out.

摘要：以夹持器为例,设计由伺服电机驱动和钢丝线轮传动的四自由度微创手术器械.手术器械末端采用微型化设计,以适于远距离传动的钢丝驱动,改善手术器械在狭窄工作空间中的灵活度.描述手术器械的构型原理和尺度设计,包括腕部、夹钳和器械轴;分析钢丝线轮传动机构的工作原理及腕部与夹钳的运动耦合.研究手术器械的运动学特性,包括运动学正解、工作空间分析、速度雅克比变换和奇异性分析.测试手术器械和驱动平台的原理样机表明,该器械能够满足微创手术相关技术操作的要求.

摘要：磁约束聚变装置的失超保护系统利用直流断路器快速切断超导磁体回路的电流,实现磁体能量的转移与释放,以保障磁体安全。随着超导磁体运行电流等级的不断提升,直流断路器的设计面临着巨大挑战。本文针对10 kV/100 kA的大容量失超保护系统设计,提出使用直流真空断路器作为开断电流的主保护开关,并详细分析了其开断换流过程。首先介绍了失超保护系统的拓扑结构和工作原理;然后具体分析了真空断路器在开断及换流阶段的数学方程,并依据开断可靠性理论,分别对换流回路、泄能回路与缓冲回路进行了计算和参数设计;最后开展了100 kA直流电流开断实验。研究结果表明,失超保护系统中使用真空断路器开断100 kA磁体电流具有理论和工程可行性,并通过实验验证了所设计的真空断路器样机能够有效开断100 kA电流,换流过程符合预期判断。本文的研究工作为大功率失超保护系统中的直流断路器设计提供了技术支撑。