摘要：In order to enhance the glutathione peroxidase（GPX） catalytic activity of the selenium-containing single-chain variable fragments（Se-scFv）, a novel human scFv was designed on the basis of the structure of human antibody and optimized via bioinformatics methods such as homologous sequence analysis, three-dimensional（3D） model building, binding-site analysis and docking. The DNA sequence of the new human scFv was synthesized and cloned into the expression vector pET22b（＋）, then the scFv protein was expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli BL21（DE3） and purified by Ni2＋-immobilized metal affinity chromatography（IMAC）. The serine residue of scFv in the active site was converted into selenocysteine（Sec） with the chemical modification method, thus, the human Se-scFv with GPX activity was obtained. The GPX activity of the Se-scFv protein was characterized. Compared with other Se-scFv, the new human Se-scFv showed similar efficiency for catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide by glutathione. It exhibited pH and temperature dependent catalytic activity and a typical ping-pong kinetic mechanism.

摘要：利用太阳帆能在三体问题中实现人工拉格朗日点,人工拉格朗日点克服了经典拉格朗日点位置固定的缺点,研究人工拉格朗日点的被动控制对深空探测有重要的意义。理论上人工拉格朗日点都不稳定,研究表明在被动控制下存在某些人工拉格朗日点的稳定特性与稳定平衡点非常接近,在工程上可以认为稳定。被动控制可以通过设计太阳帆来实现,本文给出了被动稳定太阳帆的设计,在该设计下考虑轨道和姿态的耦合动力学方程。基于该耦合方程研究了人工拉格朗日点的稳定性。仿真结果表明被动太阳帆使得人工拉格朗日点稳定。

摘要：太阳帆的轨道和姿态控制是太阳帆研究的重要领域。在同时考虑太阳帆轨道和姿态的情况下,研究了太阳帆在悬浮轨道的被动稳定飞行问题。通过设计帆的面积和支撑有效载荷杆的长度,使太阳帆在轨被动稳定飞行,主要研究了两个参数对太阳帆稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,太阳帆的面积对帆的稳定性影响较大,面积较小时太阳帆总能被动稳定。杆的长度对帆的稳定性影响不大,给定杆的长度,通过设计太阳帆的面积总能使太阳帆被动稳定。

摘要：主要讨论非开普勒轨道与传统开普勒轨道的异同点,试图归纳非开普勒轨道面临的动力学与控制新问题。从设计的角度出发,给出了非开普勒轨道的定义。针对目前讨论较多的几种非开普勒轨道,总结了研究这些轨道将会面临的新问题和难题。最后,讨论了非开普勒轨道的应用。

摘要：针对运载火箭反馈控制回路中弹性振动信号与刚体信号存在耦合,会明显降低姿控系统稳定性的问题,提出了一种速率陀螺自适应加权方法,该方法适用于弹性振动的模态振型斜率和频率存在偏差的情况。将速率陀螺观测信号转换为频域表达,采用插值离散傅里叶变换方法辨识弹性频率;基于频域信号提出了速率陀螺加权系数矩阵自适应更新算法,分步抑制了各阶弹性振动信号;开展了不同偏差情况下的仿真校验工作。仿真结果表明,速率陀螺自适应加权方法可实现对速率陀螺测量信号中弹性振动信号的显著抑制,从源头上减小弹性振动信号对姿控系统稳定性的不利影响,从而提高运载火箭姿态控制器的性能,降低控制器的设计难度。

摘要：地球同步和太阳同步卫星在各个领域有着广泛的应用。静止轨道是一种特殊的地球同步轨道,轨道资源有限。利用化学推进或电推进可以实现轨道高度不同的同步轨道,如悬挂轨道,但需要消耗较多的燃料,工程上无法承受。本文考虑利用太阳帆实现地球同步和太阳同步轨道。太阳光压力在轨道平面内沿拱线方向,选择光压力与平面的夹角使得轨道平面的旋转速率与太阳光同步。研究表明,设计合适的半长轴和偏心率可以使得轨道旋转速率与地球自转速率一致。假设太阳光与赤道平面平行,可以得到准静止轨道,太阳帆将在传统静止轨道的附近运动,星下点的经度将在一个固定值附近振动。实际上太阳光是与黄道面平行,黄道面与赤道面之间存在夹角。考虑黄赤交角的情况下,太阳帆将在一定纬度和经度范围内运动。适合于对某个区域进行长期观测任务。

摘要：研究了基于三体问题的不变流形设计低成本登月轨道的问题.考虑了黄道面和白道面之间夹角不为零的三维情况,将太阳_地球_月亮_卫星组成的四体问题分解成由太阳_地球_卫星和地球_月亮_卫星组成的非共面的两个限制三体问题.给出了这两个三体系统Halo轨道不变流形与两轨道面相交处进行小的变轨来设计低成本探月轨道的一般方法.比较结果表明用该方法设计的轨道比传统的Hohmann变轨节省约20%的燃料.从轨道能量的角度分析了用流形设计轨道比Hohmann变轨节省燃料的原因,并给出了理论表达式.该方法对于深空探测轨道设计的能量分析具有普遍的适用性,可为设计提供一个选择参数的标准.

摘要：研究了不同类型的地球和火星悬浮轨道附近的相对运动.首先,推导了悬浮轨道附近的相对运动方程并将相对运动方程在悬浮轨道附近线性化.利用两种半自然编队控制率进行编队控制,其中一种为被动控制,对工程应用有很大的价值.在两种控制率下,讨论了每种悬浮轨道的稳定区域.由于两种控制率都不能满足特殊的火星悬浮轨道任务要求,于是,根据该任务的要求设计了一种特殊的半自然控制率.该控制率既能满足编队任务的要求也能使相对运动稳定.

摘要：The fuel consumption associated with some interplanetary transfer trajectories using chemical propulsion is not affordable. A solar sail is a method of propulsion that does not consume fuel. Transfer time is one of the most pressing problems of solar sail transfer trajectory design. This paper investigates the time-optimal interplanetary transfer trajectories to a circular orbit of given inclination and radius. The optimal control law is derived from the principle of maximization. An indirect method is used to solve the optimal control problem by selecting values for the initial adjoint vari- ables, which are normalized within a unit sphere. The conditions for the existence of the time-optimal transfer are dependent on the lightness number of the sail and the inclination and radius of the target orbit. A numerical method is used to obtain the boundary values for the time-optimal transfer trajectories. For the cases where no time-optimal transfer trajectories exist, first-order necessary conditions of the optimal control are proposed to obtain feasible solutions. The results show that the transfer time decreases as the minimum distance from the Sun decreases during the transfer duration. For a solar sail with a small lightness number, the transfer time may be evaluated analytically for a three-phase transfer trajectory. The analytical results are compared with previous results and the associated numerical results. The transfer time of the numerical result here is smaller than the transfer time from previous results and is larger than the analytical result.

摘要：A series of novel E-ring modified evodiamine derivatives were designed and synthesized as antitumor agents. Their capacity to interfere with the catalytic activity of topoisomerase Ⅰ and Ⅱ was evaluated by the relaxation assay. In vitro antitumor activity results revealed that compound 12 showed good antitumor activity with a broad spectrum. Its binding modes with topoisomerase Ⅰ and Ⅱ were clarified by molecular docking.