摘要：The large‐scale application of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology requires the development of high‐performance oxygen evolution electrocatalysts with as little iridium(Ir)as ***‐based double perovskite oxides(A_(2)B’IrO_(6);A=alkaline,alkaline‐earth,or rare‐earth elements;B’=transition metal or rare‐earth elements)represent a class of oxides with great potential to replace the commercial catalyst IrO_(2).However,the structural evolution of Ir‐based double perovskite oxides in electrolytes is incompletely understood,and foundational knowledge of the design principle of the“ideal”material is *** this work,we report the unexpected phenomenon of instant Ir leaching from Ir‐based double perovskite oxides in acid under non‐catalytic conditions and discuss the implications of this phenomenon for mechanism investigation and material *** well‐known Ir‐based double perovskite oxides,such as Ba_(2)PrIrO_(6) and Sr_(2)YIrO_(6),undergo instantaneous Ir leaching when they come into contact with acidic *** Ir‐leaching process is found to be non‐persistent and non‐thermodynamically determined,and its extent is correlated with the leaching of other B’‐site elements in the perovskite *** on this observation,we revisit the Ir dissolution‐precipitation process for surface IrO_(x) formation during the perovskite‐electrolyzed oxygen evolution reaction,emphasizing the non‐negligible role of Ir species owing to acid corrosion in the ***,we modify a screening protocol for low‐Ir oxygen evolution electrocatalysts and propose an instant acid corrosion test as an indispensable process to evaluate the structural stability of potential catalysts.

摘要：人工筑岛位移变形是一个长期的发展过程,连接人工岛与桥梁的岛桥结合部对人工岛位移变化尤为敏感。基于深中通道西人工岛岛桥结合部岛壁结构、非通航孔桥施工及监测情况,对岛桥结合部岛壁、桥梁位移变形发展趋势进行分析,得到形成人工岛岛桥结合部位移变形特点,对类似工程设计、施工提供重要参考依据。

摘要：Two major challenges,high cost and short lifespan,have been hindering the commercialization process of lowtemperature fuel *** Wei's group has been focusing on decreasing cathode Pt loadings without losses of activity and durability,and their research advances in this area over the past three decades are briefly reviewed *** the Pt-based catalysts and the low Pt usage,they have firstly tried to clarify the degradation mechanism of Pt/C catalysts,and then demonstrated that the activity and stability could be improved by three strategies:regulating the nanostructures of the active sites,enhancing the effects of support materials,and optimizing structures of the three-phase *** Pt-free catalysts,especialiy carbon-based ones,several strategies that they proposed to enhance the activity of nitrogen-/heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts are firstly ***,an indepth understanding of the degradation mechanism for carbon-based catalysts is discussed,and followed by the corresponding stability enhancement ***,the carbon-based electrode at the micrometer-scale,faces the challenges such as low active-site density,thick catalytic layer,and the effect of hydrogen peroxide,which require rational structure design for the integral cathodic *** review finally gives a brief conclusion and outlook about the low cost and long lifespan of cathodic oxygen reduction catalysts.

摘要：流量系数是堰的设计重要参数之一,该文通过神经网络模型多层感知器(MLP)和广义神经网络(GRNN)对矩形尖顶侧堰流量系数(C_(d))进行建模和预测。通过MATLAB程序语言设计两种不同的神经网络模型,再以无量纲弗劳德数(F_(r))、堰长与堰宽之比(L/b)、堰长与上游水深之比(L/h_(1))和堰高与上游水深之比(P/h_(1))作为输入参数,流量系数(C_(d))作为输出参数。研究结果表明,验证阶段决定系数R^(2)=0.938、均方根误差RMSE=0.017、散度SI=0.036和平均绝对百分比误差MAPE=0.004%的GRNN模型优于MLP和GMDH模型,96%的预测数据误差在4%以下,具有较高的准确性,可为相关研究提供有价值的参考。

摘要：本文通过简单的一步热解法合成了C/Co复合材料,在材料质量填充浓度为35%时,观察到其具有优异的介电频散性能。当材料厚度2.5 mm时,该复合材料在11.2 GHz的最小反射率为-23.7 dB,小于-10 dB的带宽为3.8 GHz。为了进一步提高吸收体的吸波性能,利用全介质超材料的设计对吸收体的宏观结构进行优化,此方法成功地将小于-10 dB的吸收带宽扩展到15 GHz(7.0~22.0 GHz)。该研究结果可以为高性能微波吸收材料的制备工艺和结构设计提供有价值的参考。

摘要：探究了玉米秸秆生物炭(CB)和水稻壳生物炭(HB)对猪粪厌氧消化过程中重金属钝化和抗性基因削减的影响,并解析了影响抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)迁转的主要因素.研究发现,添加CB和HB后,促进了Cr,Cu,Pb和Zn转化为更稳定的金属形态,且投加HB有更优的重金属钝化效果.添加CB和HB均能降低ARGs的丰度,胞外抗性基因(eARGs)的去除率较高,约为55.6~98.3%,具有更大比表面积的HB能吸附更多eARGs.胞内抗性基因(iARGs)的变化受生物炭影响较小,iARGs的削减主要与宿主菌的去除相关.微生物群落结构(λ=0.83,P0.05),投加生物炭可减轻消化系统中的重金属选择性压力,从而间接促进ARGs的去除.

摘要：针对X光违禁品图像姿态与角度变化易漏检误检及困难样本检测准确率低等问题,以YOLOv5网络为基线模型,提出一种融合了反向瓶颈结构和轻量化卷积块注意力模块设计的违禁品检测模型。在主干网络采用反向瓶颈结构设计注重细节特征信息,改进网络应对检测目标大角度变化问题;采用轻量化卷积块注意力机制抑制复杂背景干扰,降低模型参数量;此外,采用高斯误差线性单元激活函数和改进的置信度损失函数增强模型的非线性表达能力,加大对置信度预测的惩罚力度,优化网络对困难样本的检测性能。所提模型在三个大型公开数据集OPIXray、SIXray、HiXray上进行训练和测试,mAP分别达到了91.9%、93.4%和82.2%。结果表明,所提模型能够有效解决基线模型应对X光违禁品角度变化问题,具有较高的检测准确性和稳健性。

摘要：我国在用液态二氧化碳球形储罐容量大多在400~2000 m^(3),设备壳体使用的钢种局限于16MnDR、15MnNiDR、15MnNiNbDR等抗拉强度下限在530 MPa以下的低温压力容器钢种,单体设备壁板厚、质量大、建造成本高,大型化发展困难。总结了国内首台3000 m^(3)大型液态二氧化碳球形储罐设计要点,涉及球壳钢板、接管锻件及配套焊材的选用,球罐结构设计、整体及局部应力分析,制造及安装过程中尺寸控制、焊接要求、无损检测及焊后整体消除应力热处理控制指标等内容,对3000 m^(3)以上大型液态二氧化碳球形储罐的国产化研制开发具有一定的借鉴意义。

摘要：目的:通过星点设计-响应曲面法优化欧前胡素-聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油/甲氧基聚乙二醇聚乳酸[imperatorin micelles loaded with Cremophor?RH 60/monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(L-lactide),IMP-RH60/mPEG-PLLA]胶束的处方工艺。方法:在单因素考察的基础上,以RH60用量、药物与载体比例、水相体积为自变量,包封率和载药量为因变量,进行三因素三水平的星点设计-响应面法实验,分析结果得到IMP-RH60/mPEG-PLLA胶束的最优处方,并对胶束的释放和摄取进行评估。结果:确定最优处方工艺条件为:RH60的投药量为28 mg,IMP投药量为1.2 mg,mPEG-PLLA投药量为10 mg,水化体积为6 mL,在此条件下得到的胶束粒径为(25.48±0.92)nm,Zeta电位为-(5.50±1.06)mV,平均包封率为(85.78±0.84)%,平均载药量为(2.66±0.03)%。体外评价结果表明胶束释放效果优于原料药,并增强了药物的摄取。结论:星点设计-响应曲面法所建立的模型精密度高,可用于IMP-RH60/mPEG-PLLA胶束的处方工艺优化。

摘要：为解决难以获取满足非线性超谐共振时效系统所需要的非线性参数,以系统的核心元件—非线性弹簧为研究对象,提出了适用于此系统的不等节距圆柱螺旋弹簧结构参数设计的方法,从而实现系统所要达到的超谐共振。首先,依据工件振动时效所需的弹簧力学特性曲线,计算得到符合该系统用不等节距圆柱螺旋弹簧的结构参数。其次,通过弹簧压缩试验证明了该弹簧设计方法的可行性。最后,以圆柱工件为试验对象,搭建非线性超谐振动台进行试验研究。结果表明:运用此方法设计的不等节距螺旋弹簧作用下的非线性超谐振动试验台能够产生超谐振动,且可产生高于200Hz的高次超谐频率,对推广非线性超谐式共振时效方法在消减高刚工件的残余应力方面具有重要的意义。