摘要：针对冲击地压导致锚杆及其构件失效问题，设计了一种增加叠片吸能构件的新型锚杆。为研究新型叠片式吸能锚杆在动态冲击条件下的吸能和抗冲击特性，通过动态冲击试验和数值模拟比较了新型叠片式吸能锚杆与普通高强度锚杆在不同冲击能量下的性能。结果表明：引入叠片可显著降低锚杆顶部紧固端和锚杆尾部螺母处的冲击力和应变量，有效降低锚杆在冲击载荷下的变形程度，提高新型锚杆在冲击载荷下的结构完整性；冲击能量在30 kJ以下时，叠片均作为主要吸能部件吸收大部分冲击能量，引入叠片有效增强了新型锚杆吸能和抗冲击能力。

摘要：In precision machining of complex curved surface parts with high performance, geometry accuracy is not the only constraint, but the performance should also be met. Performance of this kind of parts is closely related to the geometrical and physical parameters, so the final actual size and shape are affected by multiple source constraints, such as geometry, physics, and performance. These parts are rather difficult to be manufactured and new manufacturing method according to performance requirement is urgently needed. Based on performance and manufacturing requirements for complex curved surface parts, a new classification method is proposed, which divided the complex curved surface parts into two categories： surface re-design complex curved surface parts with multi-source constraints（PRCS） and surface unique complex curved surface parts with pure geometric constraints（PUCS）. A correlation model is constructed between the performance and multi-source constraints for PRCS, which reveals the correlation between the performance and multi-source constraints. A re-design method is also developed. Through solving the correlation model of the typical paws performance-associated surface, the mapping relation between the performance-associated surface and the related removal amount is obtained. The explicit correlation model and the method for the corresponding related removal amount of the performance-associated surface are built based on the classification of surface re-design complex curved surface parts with multi-source constraints. Research results have been used in the actual processing of the typical parts such as radome, common bottom components, nozzle, et al., which shows improved efficiency and accuracy of the precision machining for the surface re-design parts with complex curved surface.

摘要：Aiming at soft rock ground support issues under conditions of high stress and long-term water immersion, the ground failure mechanism is revealed by taking the deep-water sumps of Jiulong Mine as the engineering background and employing field investigation, tests of rock structure, mechanical properties and mineral composition. The main factors leading to the surrounding rock failure include the high and complex stress state of the water sumps, high-clay content and water-weakened rock, and the unreasonable support design. In this paper, the broken and fractured rock mass near roadway opening is considered as ground small-structure, and deep stable rock mass as ground large-structure. A support technology focusing on cutting off the water, strengthening the small structure of the rock and transferring the large structure of the rock is proposed. The proposed support technology of interconnecting the large and small structures, based on high-strength bolts, high-stiffness shotcrete layer plugging water,strengthening the small structure with deep-hole grouting and shallow-hole grouting, highpretensioned cables tensioned twice to make the large and small structures bearing the pressure evenly,channel-steel and high-pretensioned cables are used to control floor heave. The numerical simulation and field test show that this support system can control the rock deformation of the water sumps and provide technical support to similar roadway support designs.

摘要：随着应用空间的不断拓展和服役性能的不断提升,航空航天、能源动力、信息电子等领域对高端装备的需求迫切。这些高端装备以承载、传导、换能、隐身等性能的精准保证为主要制造目标,不仅性能要求高,且往往结构复杂、材料难加工、表面完整性或精度要求极高,制造难度极大。高性能制造是应对上述挑战,突破高端装备制造瓶颈的必然选择。从高端装备及其零件/部件/构件/器件(简称零件)的特点、制造要求和制造技术的现状出发,阐明了高性能制造的内涵、所需要探究的基础问题以及设计与制造环节的定量关联关系,建立了高性能制造的总体框架和模型表达形式,分析了高性能制造应注意的要素和应遵循的规律,给出了高性能制造的实现途径、关键技术和两个应用实例,并指出高性能制造是以性能为第一目标,设计、制造、使役等多参量关联关系建模为核心的科学、精准和最适宜的制造,也是数字化和可计算的制造,亦是以性能的精准保证为目标的性能与几何结构一体化制造。

摘要：CAD/CAPP/CAM并行是协同产品开发的关键技术之一,其在很大程度上依赖于设计成熟度的预先确定.论文在明确设计成熟度概念的基础上,分析了集成产品开发团队、硬件设施和时间等影响产品设计成熟度的因素,并通过建立递阶模糊质量屋的方法,提取构成成熟度因素集的产品特征,应用德尔菲法或AHP法配置成熟度因素集.在此基础上基于模糊设计理论,提出了多层次模糊计算模型作为成熟度的预测方法.通过应用该模糊预测方法计算某型号飞机机翼的设计成熟度,验证了方法的合理性和可用性.

摘要：为了解决非均质材料零件设计中几何特征和材料特征的耦合问题,提出了一种基于可行方向法和遗传算法的几何和材料的并行设计方法。通过设定关键点来表示不断变化的零件几何特征,引入虚拟节点以描述其材料特征,构建非均质材料零件几何和材料并行设计的优化模型。在优化设计过程中,关键点的坐标增量采用可行方向法求解,虚拟节点的材料体积分数增量通过遗传算法获得,两种优化算法交替迭代,便得到了零件几何形状和材料分布的组合最优解。采用该方法设计了一个非均质材料的等温器具,通过有限元技术对其温度场和应力场进行模拟和分析,并利用ANSYS软件对设计结果进行验证,从而说明了该方法的有效性和实用性。

摘要：将有限元方法和结构拓扑优化方法应用于三维微动平台设计。以平台中心位置的输出位移为优化目标,以应力准则为约束条件,建立了三维微动平台的拓扑优化数学模型。该优化问题采用敏度分析方法和准则法求解,并采用过滤技术解决优化过程中出现的棋盘格式和网络依赖性问题。通过设计一个三维微动平台以及ANSYS的模拟演示,证明柔性结构拓扑优化方法适用于三维微动平台的设计。

摘要：智能化重大装备(以下简称“智重装备”)的设计与优化是装备全生命周期中的重要环节,对于装备质量与系统性能提升具有重要意义。由于智重装备物理结构与控制系统间复杂的耦合关系,传统先结构设计再控制设计的串行顺序优化设计方法难以获得全局最优值。为此,本文提出一种结构与控制并行的多学科一体化优化设计方法来获取最优匹配的结构与控制参数。对智重装备的结构与控制一体化优化现状做出归纳总结。分别利用KKT条件与极小值原理证明了传统串行优化的不足以及多学科并行一体化设计方法的最优性,并给出常用的模型求解方法。以无人矿用挖掘机与无人堆取料机为对象,给出了结构与控制一体化优化方法在智重装备设计中具体应用方式。计算结果表明,提出的一体化优化方法比传统串行优化方法具有明显的优势,能够进一步提升智重装备的关键性能。

摘要：高性能制造,是由以几何精度为主的制造上升到以产品性能的精准保证为目标的制造,其作为推动我国装备制造业升级的引擎,以及引领传统制造理念提升的旗帜,对国家装备产业的发展具有十分重要的意义。高性能制造理论指出,传统的装备制造流程形成了设计、制造、服役等严格的上下游关系,一定程度上了推动了多任务协作能力,提高了装备制造的效率。然而,不容忽视的事实是,这种设计、制造的单向串行模式人为割裂了设计环节与制造环节的耦合作用,在提高制造效率的同时,亦不可避免地制约了高端装备性能的进一步提升。作为高性能制造理论的重要组成部分,针对上述设计、制造之间的耦合作用,展开了进一步的讨论。首次采用Karush-Kuhn-Tucker最优性条件,从数学角度定量定式的揭示了传统设计制造“不协同”的根源所在,并针对这些不足,给出串行、并行和循环模式的高性能制造解决方案和求解方法。为打破我国高端装备/零部件的高性能制造瓶颈,进一步推动我国高端装备高性能制造的发展提供了理论与技术参考。

摘要：高性能表面层制造是具有特殊功能性表面层结构零件的精密制造,体现了高性能零件性能与几何参数一体化制造的特点。依据功能性表面层结构零件的性能要求所设计的几何参数和材料特性,选择表面层加工制造方法,确定加工工艺载荷的物质与能量输入条件,通过减控加工工艺的几何、结构、物理、化学等多源耦合约束,构建主动协调的材料加工载荷的应力场、温度场和化学位场等(多)场环境,相应地揭示零件表面完整性变化关系内禀的加工过程印记,利用可控的表面完整性与高性能零件性能的关联模型,实现具有特殊功能性表面层的精密制造。高性能表面层加工制造原理的核心是表面完整性的形成机制、评价方法和调控作用,所提出的高性能表面层精密制造的体系框架,以基于知识方法取代实验迭代的试错法,可解决高性能制造的加工制造反问题。