摘要：This article employs the theory of conceptual metaphor to conduct a thorough analysis and exploration of translation strategies for the metaphors in Song Ci. Ci, a treasure in ancient Chinese literature, makes frequent use of metaphor. Its unique form of expression and abundant artistic effects often create difficulties in translation. This study selects some representative metaphor examples from Song Ci to explore the patterns and strategies in the translation process. The study reveals that in face of the metaphors in Song Ci, translators need to comprehensively apply strategies such as retaining the metaphor, replacing the metaphor, and translating the literal meaning to ensure the quality of translation while restoring the aesthetic charm of the original metaphor.

摘要：为科学确定海绵城市年径流总量控制目标,以北京市为例,在考虑降雨空间分布规律的基础上,计算不同年径流总量控制率条件下的各区域设计降雨量,并对造成空间差异的成因进行分析。结果表明,由于城市热岛效应、城市建筑物阻碍效应与城市凝结核效应所造成的雨岛现象以及地形、季风等因素的综合影响,北京市降雨强度的空间差异较大,在75%~90%的年径流总量控制率范围内,对应的设计降雨量具有明显的空间差异性,总体呈现城区高于郊区,并形成西南—东北方向的等值梯度。其中,中心城区、顺义、朝阳、丰台以及房山的西部设计降雨量较高。因此在确定LID雨水设施规模时,应根据项目所在地的雨量站点资料进行年径流总量控制率与设计降雨量关系曲线的分析,并以此作为指导。

摘要：气候变化对降雨产生的影响会干扰海绵城市建设中雨水控制设施的效果。为了定量评估气候变化对年径流总量控制率的影响,识别我国雨水控制设施气候变化敏感区域,在统计分析全国186个气象站1980年—2012年日降雨序列的基础上,对比各气象站在不同时段0~200 mm设计降雨量所对应年径流总量控制率的变化;以年径流总量控制率的标准差作为评价依据,讨论我国各区域气候变化敏感性的空间分布。结果表明:气候变化对我国大部分地区的年径流总量控制率所造成的标准差大致在0~0.06之间,气候变化敏感性的峰值出现在设计降雨量为25~40 mm范围;敏感区域主要集中在我国东部,其中京津冀地区、山东省和海南省大部分地区的敏感性较高。对于气候变化敏感的区域,雨水源头控制设施的年径流总量控制率或因气候变化而无法达到预期值,因此应尽量增加设施规模;而对于气候变化不敏感的区域,气候变化对年径流总量控制率影响不大,因此根据时长较短的降雨序列即可准确确定其年径流总量控制率所对应的设计降雨量。

摘要：20~85 km大气密度与风场对再入飞行器的安全及返回(即飞行器可控可达)有非常重要影响。分析了高空大气参数变化影响因素,基于CIRA-86大气模型与美国航天飞机飞行实测数据,分析了大气密度偏差范围;基于国外实测文献数据及等概率分布椭圆模型,给出了风矢量剖面,研究了风矢量剖面在飞行器设计中的应用。

摘要：This paper presents and verifies a new idea for constructing an ultrasonic motor （USM）. The stator contains several vibrators fabricated by bonding piezoelectric ceramics （PZTs） to a metal base. When two alternating current （AC） voltages with a 90° phase difference are applied to the PZTs, longitudinal and bending modes are excited in the vibrator. The bending vibrations of the vibrators are stacked to form the torsional vibration of the stator, ultimately generating longitudinal-torsional composite vibration. Both vibrators and the stator are excited to the resonance state. A standing wave is formed by superposition of longitudinal and torsional modes. The proposed motor is an in-plane vibration motor because the vibrations of the stator are in the circumferential plane. The finite element method （FEM） is used to validate the feasibility of the proposed motor. The fabricated stator contains five vibrators. The tested resonance frequencies of longitudinal and torsional modes are 44.42 kHz and 43.83 kHz, respectively. The stall torque is 0.3 N＇m and no-load speed is 45 r/min. The highest efficiency is 30%. The applied driving voltage is 100 Vo.p （peak voltage） at 43.9 kHz. The designed motor is a parallel-actuated integral motor. It allows the vibrators to operate synchronously, and overcomes asynchronous issues that occur in traditional multi-vibrator motors.

摘要：An active reflector is one of the three main innovations incorporated in the Five-hundredmeter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope（FAST）.The deformation of such a huge spherically shaped reflector into different transient parabolic shapes is achieved by using 2225 hydraulic actuators which change the position of the 2225 nodes through the connected down tied *** each different tracking process of the telescope,more than 1/3 of these 2225 actuators must be in operation to tune the parabolic aperture accurately and meet the surface error *** means that some of these actuators are inevitably located within the main beam of the receiver,and Electromagnetic Interference（EMI）from the actuators must be mitigated to ensure the scientific output of the *** on the threshold level of interference detrimental to radio astronomy described in ITU-R Recommendation RA.769 and EMI measurements,the shielding efficiency（SE）requirement for each actuator is set to be 80 d B in the frequency range from 70 MHz to 3 ***,Electromagnetic Compatibility（EMC）was taken into account in the actuator design by measures such as power line filters,optical fibers,shielding enclosures and other structural *** 2015,all the actuators had been installed at the FAST *** now,no apparent EMI from the actuators has been detected by the receiver,which demonstrates the effectiveness of these EMC measures.

摘要：Catalytic oxidation at room temperature is recognized as the most promising method for formaldehyde(HCHO)***‐based catalysts are the optimal catalyst for HCHO decomposition at room ***,flower‐like hierarchical Pt/NiAl‐LDHs catalysts with different[Ni2+]/[Al3+]molar ratios were synthesized via hydrothermal method followed by NaBH4 reduction of Pt precursor at room *** flower‐like hierarchical Pt/NiAl‐LDHs were composed of interlaced nanoplates and metallic Pt nanoparticles(NPs)approximately 3–4 nm in diameter were loaded on the surface of the Pt/NiAl‐LDHs with high *** as‐prepared Pt/NiAl21 nanocomposite was highly efficient in catalyzing oxidation of HCHO into CO2 at room *** high activity of the hierarchical Pt/NiAl21 nanocomposite was maintained after seven recycle tests,suggesting the high stability of the *** on in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)studies,a reaction mechanism was put forward about HCHO decomposition at room *** work provides new insights into designing and fabricating high‐performance catalysts for efficient indoor air purification.

摘要：The numerous environmental protection equipments for desulfuration,denitration,and precipitation have been installed in the domestic coal-fired power plants,while the investment and energy consumption of the units increase *** reduce the operational cost and initial investment as much as possible,the working processes of the environmental protection equipments are optimized in the design and some new technologies are adopted for energy *** technologies include the SCR,SNCR,combined SCR and SNCR for denitration device,system without gas-gas heater design for desulfuration,desulfuration system without bypass,booster fan and induced draft fan integrated,stack and cooling tower integrated and so ***,such measures may cause some new problems during the operation of the *** problems are summarized and analyzed thoroughly and the feasible methods are provided to solve them,which could decrease the operational risk of *** present discussion can also improve the further design of environmental protection equipments to ensure the long-term steady operation of the units.

摘要：The linearity of the traveling-wave tube is a very important characteristic for a modern communication system. To improve the linearity of the traveling-wave tube at no expense of the saturated output power and overall efficiency, a modified pitch profile combined with a small adjustment of operating parameters is proposed. The optimal design of the helix circuit is evaluated theoretically by a large signal analysis, and the experimental test is also carried out to make a comparison of performance between the novel and original designed traveling-wave tubes. The experiments show that the saturated output powers and efficiencies of these two tubes are close to each other, while the linearity of the traveling-wave tube is obviously improved. The total phase shift and AM/PM conversion at saturation of the novel tube, averaged over the operating band, are only 30.6°/d B and 2.5°/d B, respectively, which are 20.1°/d B and 1.6°/d B lower than those of the original tube, respectively. Moreover, the third-order intermodulation of the novel tube is up to 2.2 d Bc lower than that of the original tube.

摘要：针对复杂场景下无人机集群对抗中协同目标分配和突防轨迹规划等多耦合任务的决策问题,提出了一种集群对抗多耦合任务智能决策方法。首先,针对无人机集群对抗中耦合任务多和决策空间大难题,结合集中式和分层式架构的优点,设计了面向多耦合任务的混合式深度强化学习架构,可提升多耦合任务间的协同性和集群对抗效能;其次,针对轨迹规划序贯决策的稀疏奖励难题,设计了基于轨迹构造的一步式动作空间设计方法,可加快策略网络收敛速度;再次,针对强对抗条件下的场景不确定难题,基于无人机集群红蓝对抗仿真平台,设计了基于多随机场景的红蓝博弈训练方法,可增强策略网络的泛化性;最后,通过与传统方法、集中式架构方法和分层式架构方法进行对比,验证了此方法的有效性和先进性。