摘要：Axial compression tests were conducted on AZ31 B magnesium and A6063 aluminum thin-walled square tubes with varied lengths and induced features at different compression rates. In compression, the magnesium tubes exhibited a "local buckling and fracture" mode, with three fracture patterns, i.e."horizontal","double-oblique", and "spiral" fractures. In general, the magnesium tube showed an inferior crashworthiness to the aluminum square tube. In addition, the effects of L/W ratio, strain rate and induced features on the crashworthiness of thin-walled square tubes were investigated. With an increase in the L/W ratio(L and W represent the tube length and width, respectively) from 1 to 4, the maximal force and global specific energy absorption decreased in a power-law trend for the magnesium tubes,while they remained approximately constant for the aluminum tubes. Furthermore, as the compression rate increased from 5×10-5 to 10 m/s, the primary crashworthiness parameters of the magnesium tubes increased in an approximately exponential manner,while for the aluminum tubes,they changed slightly. Finally,the involved induced features were proven to be not an effective method to improve the specific energy absorption of magnesium tubes, thus, more trigger types,locations,and sizes will be evaluated in future to improve the energy-absorption ability.

摘要：目的:研制一种用于咬合模拟试验的多连杆结构的咬合模拟装置。方法:分析了运用多连杆结构复刻人类口腔咬合轨迹的可行性,基于多连杆结构对咬合模拟装置进行机构设计,用Solidworks软件对装置的运动轨迹进行模拟仿真,并通过试验验证咬合模拟装置的有效性。结果:咬合模拟装置最大开口距离为50 mm,所选食材中胡萝卜咬合力最大为65.77 N,最小值为豆腐的2.05 N;咬合模拟试验与感官评价试验结果呈正相关,验证了咬合模拟装置的有效性。结论:咬合模拟装置可以有效地进行体外咬合模拟试验,其测力结果可以用于食品质地等研究。

摘要：研究了光学特性模拟材料设计技术与人工景象区设计技术,构建了设计结果的试验验证体系。成果成功应用于光学成像系统的成像性能考核试验,对提高试验保障能力和模拟材料普及应用具有重要意义。

摘要：固体火箭发动机的喷管结构约束对推进剂在烤燃刺激下的响应过程具有显著影响。为研究喷管喉径对GAP基固体推进剂烤燃响应过程的影响规律,设计搭建了喷管结构试验件的热载荷加载与控制系统,基于激光高速纹影成像技术,观测了发动机喷管结构约束下GAP基推进剂烤燃响应的完整过程,同时测量了烤燃过程中的试验件温度和点火响应产生的冲击波超压。结果表明:含喷管约束的GAP基固体推进剂试件的烤燃响应可分为点火前推进剂软化膨胀,点火后燃烧火焰加速、燃烧转爆轰、壳体失效、爆燃过程。点火后响应过程仅持续0.5~2毫秒。燃烧火焰加速阶段压力缓慢增长,当喷管喉径较小时,流动易发生壅塞,使压力和燃速快速增长并相互促进,导致发生燃烧转爆轰;而喷管喉径较大时,试验件内压力的快速增长无法发生或者维持,降低了燃烧转爆轰的可能性,试验件结构完整性得以保持。

摘要：在二次电池中，电极/电解液界面的演化行为对电池的性能和稳定性起着至关重要的作用。本文从工作机理出发，详细综述了几种具有代表性的先进原位表征技术，包括原位原子力显微镜、原位三维激光共聚焦显微镜、电化学石英晶体天平、电化学微分质谱、原位拉曼光谱、原位傅里叶变换红外光谱，并且基于二次电池界面演化体系，本文将其划分为从液相到固相的电极/电解液界面中间相演化、沉积型金属负极的电沉积过程与金属-气体电池的三相界面演化，以及从固相到液相的固体组分电化学分解与固体组分溶解，列举了多种原位先进表征手段在这些复杂体系研究中联合应用的实例，展示了多模态界面原位表征技术在不同尺度下的立体分析能力。这些原位表征技术的联用不仅能够提供对电极/电解液界面在实际电池运行条件下动态演化过程的深入理解，还可以揭示影响电池性能和稳定性的关键因素。本文还讨论了当前研究中面临的挑战和取得的进展，并提出了对未来研究的展望。原位界面表征技术的应用与发展将有助于深入理解电池界面演化机制，提升电池性能和稳定性，推动新型电池技术的进步。

摘要：A monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuit chip on a silicon-on-insulator is designed and fabricated based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatible *** chip integrates an optical Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a CMOS driving circuit with the amplification *** results show that the extinction ratio of the MZM is close to 20dB and the small-signal gain of the CMOS driving circuit is about 26.9dB.A 50m V 10 MHz sine wave signal is amplified by the driving circuit,and then drives the MZM successfully.

摘要：阀门对流体管道系统中的介质起到控制作用,相较于其他传动方式的阀门,手动阀门的用量较多,如管道系统中角行程阀门大多采用手动装置驱动。然而,角行程阀门手动装置在安装和使用过程中经常遇到一些问题,影响项目工期和装置的正常运行。本文首先列举手动蝶阀在项目建设过程中遇到的问题并进行分析,其次对比分析设计标准对手动装置的要求并介绍手动装置选用的注意事项,随后对手动装置的安装方向提出建议,以期减少此类问题发生,降低阀门维护成本。同时,本文可为阀门设计人员、工艺管道设计人员、施工安装人员提供有效参考。

摘要：使用DEFORM-3D三维模拟软件对哈氏合金基带的粗轧过程进行多道次仿真,依托流变应力的计算,建立了材料物性模型和仿真模型,并利用前几道次的粗轧实验验证了模型的准确性。通过仿真实验探索了压下率、轧辊形状和摩擦因数对轧制流程的影响。结果表明,随着道次压下率的升高,平均轧制力升高,30%道次压下率的轧制流程带来基带应变不均匀性是表面裂纹产生的重要原因,成功预测了后续轧制实验中带材表面产生的裂纹,实际生产应尽量选用20%及以下的压下率;在该应用条件中,新设计的凹面轧辊流程能有效减小轧制力,降低设备要求,提高轧制安全性,实验中部分流程采用凹面轧辊有效地将侧面裂纹的出现延迟到了第8道次;好的润滑条件能减小摩擦,模拟结果表明摩擦因数越小,基带轧制的均匀性越好,但会增加工序的时间,也会提高材料进给的难度。研究结果优化了实际轧制流程,降低了基带轧制过程中的表面及边部裂纹等缺陷。

摘要：COREX shaft furnace（SF）is an industrial system that employs screw feeders;thus,the burden descending velocity and particle segregation in the SF can be directly affected by the design of screw.A three-dimensional actual size model of COREX-3000 SF was established using the discrete element *** types of burdens,including pellet,ore,flux and coke,were considered in this *** this consideration,the effect of screw design on solid flow was *** showed that,in the base case,burdens fell primarily down from the first flight of the *** burden descending velocities were nearly uniform in the peripheral direction and decreased along the radial *** addition,the normalized particle size increased in the center area and decreased in the wall *** the flight diameter of screw benefited an even flow pattern and restrained the rolling tendency of burden from the edge to center *** optimized case was also proposed,in which a uniform solid flow profile could be obtained and the evenness of descending velocity along the radius could be greatly improved.

摘要：An investigation into the effect of several novel well-designed guanidinium salt ionic liquids（GILs） on inhibitting tumor growth is described. The GILs which have longer alkyl chain（6-18 carbon atoms） exhibit the high cytotoxicity to Hela299, B16 and SMMC-7721 cells so as to inhibit their proliferation. The inhibitory effect of the most effective GILl2 is about 10-fold higher than that of MMC（a common chemotherapy drug in clinic）.