摘要：Compliant translational joints （CTJs） have been extensively used in precision engineering and microelectromechanical systems （MEMS）. There is an increasing need for designing higher-performance CTJs. This paper deals with the conceptual design of CTJs via three approaches： parallelogram based method, straight- line motion mechanism based method and combination based method. Typical emerging CTJ designs are reviewed by explaining their design principles and qualitatively analyzing their characteristics. New CTJs are proposed using three approaches, including an asymmetric double parallelogram mechanism with slaving mechanism, several compact and symmetric double parallelogram mechanisms with slaving mechanisms and a general CTJ using the center drift compensation and a CTJ using Roberts linkage and several combination designs. This paper provides an overview of the current advances/progresses of CTJ designs and lays the foundation for further optimization, quantitative analysis and characteristic comparisons.

摘要：为了研究HTPB推进剂拉伸、压缩蠕变变化规律,设计并分别开展了1 000 s拉伸、1 000 s压缩与28 d拉伸蠕变试验;同时,引入圣维南体与拉压不对称因子,建立了考虑拉压不对称的推进剂黏弹塑性本构模型;通过拟合与分析本构方程中的参数,得到了该方程的适用范围。结果表明:推进剂蠕变变形行为受应力水平影响较大;同一应力水平下,拉伸蠕变的黏弹性变形大小约为压缩蠕变的1.62倍;压缩屈服应力为拉伸屈服应力的3.82倍。因此,拉压不对称黏弹塑性本构模型可以较好地表征低应力水平下推进剂蠕变的响应行为。所得结论和研究方法为固体发动机结构完整性分析与贮存寿命评估提供了参考依据。

摘要：针对固体发动机药柱结构内部应变响应测量难题,提出了一种基于光纤光栅传感器的内埋式应变测量方法。设计了内埋光纤光栅应变传感器的试验器并对其开展了冷增压试验,获得了试验器药柱内部环向应变与轴向应变值。试验结果表明,提出的测试方法可以获取药柱内部的环向和轴向应变。研究成果可为光纤光栅传感器在固体发动机药柱结构测量中的进一步应用奠定基础,为固体发动机监测技术的发展与应用提供参考。

摘要：近年来,高效的小分子受体材料(small-molecule acceptors, SMAs)的设计和性能研究方面所取得的进步,使得有机太阳能电池(organic solar cells, OSCs)领域取得了快速发展,有望替代传统硅基太阳能电池在一些细分领域得到应用.在众多的OSC小分子受体材料中,具有A-DA’D-A (D和A分别指电子给体和受体单元)型结构的不对称稠环小分子受体材料因其优异的光伏性能备受人们关注,其具有更大的偶极矩和更强的分子间相互作用,有利于分子堆积及增强电子迁移率,这类材料的光电转换效率最高已经突破19%.本综述聚焦于不对称稠环小分子的分子结构(包括端基、中心核以及侧链)的设计及晶体结构方面,总结了基于Y系列的不对称稠环型小分子受体的研究进展.通过分子结构-材料性能-光伏性能之间的构效关系总结,为开发高性能的不对称稠环小分子受体材料提供一种分子设计策略.

摘要：This paper considers the problem of optimal multi-objective trajectory design for autonomous rendezvous. Total velocity cost and relative state robustness of close-looped control are selected as the objective functions. Based on relative dynamics equations, the state equations and measurement equations for angles-only relative navigation between spacecraffs are set forth. According to the method of linear covariance analysis, the close-looped control covariance of the true relative state from the reference relative state is analyzed, and the objective functions of relative state robustness are formulated. Considering the total velocity cost and the relative state robustness, the multi-objective optimization algorithm of NSGA-II is employed to solve this multi-impulsive rendezvous problem. Lastly, the validity of the objective functions and the covariance results are demonstrated through 1 00 times Monte Carlo simulation.

摘要：A circumlunar free return orbit design model that satisfies manned lunar mission constraints is established. By combining analytical method with numerical method,a serial orbit design strategy from initial value design to precision solution is proposed. A simulation example is given,and the conclusion indicates that the method has excellent convergence performance and precision. According to a great deal of simulation results solved by the method,the free return orbit characters such as accessible moon orbit parameters,return orbit parameters,transfer delta velocity,etc. are analyzed,which can supply references to constitute manned lunar mission orbit scheme.

摘要：为探究分水角与阻水角对三向分叉型流道灌水器水力性能的影响，通过数值模拟的方法，借助Fluent软件进行数值模拟，再通过Tecplot软件对流场进行可视化处理，以10个流道单元的三向分叉流道灌水器为研究对象，分水角与阻水角为研究的2个结构影响因素，通过制作不同流道参数的15组模型来进行模拟研究，并通过调整分水角和阻水角来优化迷宫流道水力性能。结果表明：1)随着分水角的增大，迷宫流道的流量系数显著减小，流态指数也减小，且分水角的改变会使水流分配随之改变。2)随着阻水角的增大，迷宫流道的流量系数增大，且呈现线性变化，流态指数也随着阻水角的增大逐步增大。3)在不同分水角和不同阻水角的迷宫流道中，泥沙颗粒都较易排出，但不同分水角的迷宫流道中泥沙颗粒的最大流速却不一样，分水角越大的迷宫流道内泥沙颗粒的最大流速越大。

摘要：Point return orbit(PRO) of manned lunar mission is constrained by both lunar parking orbit and reentry corridor associated with reentry ***,the fuel consumption and flight time should be *** patched conic equations which are adaptive to PRO are derived first,the PRO is modeled with fuel and time constraints based on the design variables of orbit parameters with clear physical *** that,by combining analytical method with numerical method,a serial orbit design strategy from initial value design to precision solution is *** example indicates that the method has excellent convergence performance and *** to a great deal of simulation results by the method,the PRO characteristics such as Moon centered orbit parameters,Earth centered orbit parameters,transfer velocity change,*** analyzed,which can supply references to the manned lunar mission orbit scheme.

摘要：利用登月飞行器的级间组合设计方法对载人登月飞行器的构造进行设计,在级间方案的论证中分析了不同组装模式对运载火箭能力的需求,建立了航天员和机器人联合探测的载人登月方案。级间组合方法可为应转移飞行器和登月飞行器设计提供另一种思路,根据飞行器级间的不同组合方式对登月飞行器的质量规模进行了初步估算,并对比了不同飞行方案对运载火箭能力的需求,研究可为我国首次载人登月任务方案提供参考。

摘要：记得孩提时代,我常和伙伴去老家那个'露天剧场'(说是'露天剧场',其实是临时搭起来的戏台)看皮影戏、.那时候,电影、电视还不普及,人们的主要娱乐活动就是看皮影戏或是听秦腔了.以后,随着我外出上学、工作,离陇东越来越远了.不知何时,皮影也从我的视线里消失了,严格地讲,是从人们的视线里消失了.曾几何时,皮影这门古老的民间艺术,几乎成为隐藏在百科全书中的一个词条.