摘要：In many chemical processes, large amounts of wastewater containing butanol and isobutanol are *** that n-butanol-isobutanol-water can form triple azeotrope, high-purity butanol cannot be recovered from the wastewater by ordinary distillation. To economically and effectively recover butanol from this kind of wastewater, 1,4-butanediol is selected as an extractant to break the formation of the azeotropes, and a doubleeffect extractive distillation process is proposed. The conceptual design of the proposed process is accomplished based on process simulation. With the proposed process, the purity of recovered butanol and water is greater than 99.99 wt%. In comparison with the conventional azeotropic distillation process, economic analysis shows that the operating cost of the proposed process is lower: when the capacity of wastewater treatment is 100 t·h^(-1), the total operating cost decreases by 5.385 ×10~6 USD per year, and the total annual cost of the new process decreases by 5.249 ×10~6 USD per year. In addition, in the extractive distillation system, variable effects on separation purities and cost are more complex than those in the ordinary distillation system. The method and steps to optimize the key variables of the extractive distillation system are also discussed in this paper and can provide reference for similar studies.

摘要：为了给甲基戊烯酮萃取脱酚过程的设计和开发提供数据支撑,采用液液平衡釜分别测出常压下30、40和50℃甲基戊烯酮-水-邻苯二酚体系的液液相平衡组成,并通过Hand方程、Bachman方程对结果进行可靠性检验,其相关性系数的平方均大于0.99。同时利用Aspen Plus软件选取NRTL模型对实验数据进行关联,得到该三元物系相应的热力学模型参数,并以此计算相应的相平衡组成,与实验数据对比两者间的相对均方根误差和绝对平均误差均为1%。因此,NRTL模型及其参数可准确描述该物系的相平衡行为。

摘要：针对煤气化废水预处理脱酸脱氨段存在的处理能力不足、效率低下等问题,提出了改进的方案。通过提高塔设计压力和优化工艺流程,出水中残留的NH3质量浓度保持在200 mg/L以下,残留的H2S质量浓度低于50 mg/L,完全满足了生化段的工艺要求,大大提高了生化段的实际处理能力。改造后,年副产液氨1.8万t左右,经济效益可观。