摘要：It is crucial to maintaining the viability of biofabricated human-sized tissues to ensure their successful survival and function after *** is a purine nucleoside that has the function to suppress cellular metabolism and has been previously proposed as a method to prolong cell viability under *** this study,we optimized the dose concentration of adenosine for incorporation into bioprinted constructs to preserve long-term cell viability in *** results showed that muscle cells(C2C12)containing 6,7,or 8 mM adenosine maintained high cell viability for 20 days under hypoxic conditions(0.1%O2),whereas cells without adenosine treatment showed 100%cell death after 11 *** 20 days under hypoxic conditions,muscle cells treated with adenosine proliferated and differentiated when transferred to normoxic *** these adenosine concentrations,6 mM was picked as the optimized adenosine concentration for further investigations due to its most effective results on improving cell *** bioprinted muscle constructs containing adenosine(6 mM)maintained high cell viability for 11 days under hypoxic conditions,while the control constructs without adenosine had no live *** in vivo validation,the bioprinted constructs with adenosine implanted under the dorsal subcutaneous space in mice,showed the enhanced formation of muscle tissue with minimal central necrosis and apoptosis,when compared to the constructs without *** positive in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the use of adenosine is an effective approach to preventing the challenge of hypoxia-induced necrosis in bioprinted tissues for clinical translation.

摘要：军事网络设计与规划需在多个功能域完成复杂的性能与价格折中,包括子网创建、拓扑生成、路由层次设计与协议选择、波形及频率规划与MAC选择。文章集中讨论与单元任务组(UTO)需求相关的由子网形成路由体系的问题,这是军事网络设计的关键问题。路由体系选择包含子网、路由区和网关选择中的复杂的性能与价格折中。为此,使用了MANET网络设计工具——认知网络工程设计分析工具箱(CNEDAT)[1]。它是ACS和美国陆军CERDEC项目的联合研究成果,包含了可用于异构、多层军事网络的一系列分析模型、算法与协议分析工具。CNEDAT可同时用于:a)在给定的一组网络资源、目标与约束条件下,通过组合各种波形、MAC和网络算法与协议,生成或合成备用网络设计或规划;b)分析优化特定网络性能,提供可满足任务目标的多个备选网络和结构方案。

摘要：Viral diseases have contributed significantly to worldwide morbidity and mortality throughout *** the existence of therapeutic treatments for many viral infections,antiviral resistance and the threat posed by novel viruses highlight the need for an increased number of effective *** addition to small molecule drugs and biologics,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)represent an emerging class of potential antiviral *** AMPs have traditionally been regarded in the context of their antibacterial activities,many AMPs are now known to be *** antiviral peptides(AVPs)have been shown to target and perturb viral membrane envelopes and inhibit various stages of the viral life cycle,from preattachment inhibition through viral release from infected host *** design of AMPs has also proven effective in identifying highly active and specific peptides and can aid in the discovery of lead peptides with high therapeutic *** this review,we highlight AVPs with strong antiviral activity largely curated from a publicly available AMP *** then compile the sequences present in our AVP database to generate structural predictions of generic AVP ***,we cover the rational design approaches available for AVPs taking into account approaches currently used for the rational design of AMPs.

摘要：滤材截留粒状物中因采集气流常造成固相PAHs有吹出现象,低估微粒中PAHs浓度值,影响其对人体健康风险评估的正确性.实验藉由自行设计滤纸吹出实验(Blow-off)装置,以7种PAHs同位素建立悬浮微粒中PAHs化合物吹出比值(Blow-off,θ),并解析不同流速(20～60 cm/s)及温度(25～45℃)条件对固相PAHs吹出比值(θ)影响.实验结果显示少环PAHs化合物(如NaP,AcP)吹出比值明显较多环PAHs物质(如F1,Pyr)为大,随表面流速上升其吹出现象有增加趋势.少环PAHs化合物较易吹出但受温度影响较少(随温度上升θ增加仅约4%～17%);多环PAHs化合物吹出比值较低但随温度升高(25→45℃)吹出比值明显倍增(15%～34%增至32%～58%).

摘要：此研究的目的是设计一个全景腔内显示技术．以影像变形极少的带状显示，明确其作为CT结肠成像（CTC）节省时间的主要三维显示方法的可行性。对照带状显示与其他4种三维显示方法显示10个10mm、10个20mm电子生成息肉影像的变形。52例病人行CTC检查．并于同天行结肠镜检查。对照2名独立读片医生利用带状显示与常规腔内显示的诊断操作与影像诊断时间。

摘要：内燃机电气化是未来汽车发展的重要技术路线。内燃机电气化可以通过再生技术回收废能,降低影响内燃机效率的各种损失。介绍了1款可以集成在柴油机上的电机,采用48V弱混系统实现内燃机的电气化。电气化内燃机设计的首要任务是考虑其扩展性,即车辆增加的空间最小化并可以配装在其他不同车型上。与皮带传动起动/发电一体化电机替代前端轮系中的发电机的48V弱混系统不同,将电机集成到曲轴上可以取消一些功能重复的零部件,如起动机和附件皮带系统,并可以有效克服一些在实际行驶中内燃机难以克服的缺点。动力总成电气化技术的应用结合未来车内通信或者自动驾驶技术可以进一步降低车辆行驶中实时信息传输中浪费的能量。随着技术的发展,制氢和发电将不再产生温室气体,也不再利用化石燃料,这有利于环境保护。但在此之前,提高内燃机效率和采用电气化以弥补内燃机的缺点仍然非常重要。

摘要：由于泵气损失、机械摩擦损失和前端附件功率消耗等原因,发动机的指示扭矩无法完全传递给车轮。前端附件带传动系统(FEAD)对空调压缩机、交流发电机和动力转向泵等各种附件进行供油和控制,属于功率消耗装置。在实际驾驶条件下,标准燃油经济性试验并未考虑附件驱动力矩,仅将其作为5循环修正系数。因此,研究改善前端附件传动系统仍具有重要意义,对于空调压缩机和交流电机尤为如此。该研究有两个目的:一是定量测量FEAD系统的驱动力矩数值以评价附件产生的损失;二是利用评价标准设计一种能够有效减小FEAD系统摩擦的措施。为了确定所提方案是否值得开发,对FEAD系统的基本特性进行了研究。为使2.0L柴油机FEAD系统的驱动力矩最小化,设计了多种方法。在实际驾驶条件下,测量广泛采用了附件负荷控制器和温控箱。对FEAD系统进行改造,如优化多楔带、惰轮、张紧轮和附件等,驱动力矩得以显著减小。因此,这是一种在联邦测试循环(FTP)、欧洲新驾驶循环(NEDC)和实际驾驶排放(RDE)试验等标准试验模式下改善车辆燃油经济性的重要措施。