摘要：随着全球气候变化和环境问题日益严重,节能低碳已成为建筑行业的重要发展方向。老旧办公建筑多数为高能耗建筑,作为能源消耗和碳排放的重要源头之一,其改造后的节能和减碳能力显得尤为重要。本文阐述了政策和标准的发展,分析了建筑节能低碳改造的技术路径,并以北京建院C座科研楼改造项目为例,介绍了老旧办公建筑节能低碳改造的设计与研究方法。本项目是国内《近零能耗建筑技术标准》实施后第一个达到近零能耗标准的既有建筑改造项目,改造后已正常使用4年多,年节能率达到60%以上,为既有老旧办公建筑低碳、绿色化改造提供了新的思路。

摘要：研究基于模型预测控制的可变速抽水蓄能机组(VSPSU)交流励磁控制系统。针对现有PI控制器性能不佳的问题,研究基于模型预测控制(MPC)的机侧控制系统。建立变速机组的预测模型,根据被控制量的预测误差和输出控制量的加权平方和建立目标函数,并以此为基础设计定子磁场定向的矢量控制系统。通过仿真对所提MPC控制系统的可行性以及控制性能进行定量分析。结果表明,该控制系统具有良好的静、动态性能,能够为变速机组交流励磁设备的开发提供理论依据。

摘要：文中对水利工程项目管理中风险管理的背景和现状进行了探讨和研究,同时根据水利工程的特点,对项目风险管理规划在水利项目管理中的意义、组成进行了阐述,并根据自身实践,对项目风险规划的过程和内容进行了改进,增加了敏感度分析、交叉影响分析、项目风险后评估报告等内容。

摘要：以α-氨基氮含量和蛋白质含量为指标,在考察加酶量、酶解时间、酶解温度和酶解pH值4个单因素对双孢菇风味料提取率影响的基础上,采用Box-Behnken响应面设计法,选取酶添加量、酶解温度和酶解时间为自变量,通过采取中心组合设计的方法,研究各自变量交互作用及对双孢菇风味料提取率的影响。结果表明:纤维素酶解法提取双孢菇香味物质的最佳工艺条件为:纤维素酶加酶量1 257.04 U/g、酶解时间110.09 min、酶解温度50.2℃。结合实际,调整各因素为:加酶量1 000 U/g、酶解时间110 min、酶解温度50℃。此条件下进行3次平行试验验证,α-氨基氮平均含量为27.94 mg/g,与预测值基本相符,证明该模型可靠。

摘要：A novel Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based Hidden Markov Module (HMM) for face recognition is presented in this letter. To improve the accuracy of HMM based face recognition algorithm, DWT is used to replace Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for observation sequence ex- traction. Extensive experiments are conducted on two public databases and the results show that the proposed method can improve the accuracy significantly, especially when the face database is large and only few training images are available.

摘要：The three-dimensional （3D） deformation effect of the slope engineering under the step-by-step excavation for the Antaibao surface mine was analyzed using the FLAC^3D technique. An optimal excavated scheme with a relatively steeper slope angle of 47° instead of 30° was successfully implemented at the west wall in the geological section 73200 of the mine area, where the 3D effect of the nonlinear large deformation of the slope was taken into account. Based on the above research conclusion, put forward the countermeasures of shortening mining length, excavating by different regions, timely foot backfilling to protect the excavated slope, and monitoring and feedback adjustment by studying the nonlinear effect. The results show that these countermeasures are effective in controlling maximum deformation and increasing the stability of the slope.

摘要：逆向工程与快速成型技术是CAD/CAM技术的重要组成部分。运用集成和系统的思想,阐述基于快速成型的逆向工程流程,探讨了逆向工程整体框架的关键技术。逆向工程的关键技术包括数据采集、数据处理、曲面重构、再设计、曲面品质分析及优化等。

摘要：针对FDM 3D打印中模型打印完成后平台与模型难以分离的问题,运用TRIZ理论对3D打印平台进行创新优化设计。首先利用TRIZ工具对3D打印结束后模型难以完好取出的现象进行问题描述;通过TRIZ理论中功能组件分析、因果链分析等工具剖析模型难取的原因;然后借助TRIZ理论中技术矛盾、物理矛盾、矛盾矩阵、分离原理等创新工具,最终创造性地设计出4种克服模型难取问题的3D打印平台,为3D打印平台的创新设计提供了新的方向。

摘要：针对目前烟支表面缺陷检测中存在的可检类型单一、检测速度慢、准确率低等问题,设计了一种基于机器视觉的烟支缺陷检测系统。使用最大类间方差法(OTSU法)的类别方差作为判断依据,计算最佳分割阈值,并结合Canny算子优化其边缘。划分出感兴趣区域(ROI)之后采用使用基于形态学的Blob区域分析算法提取缺陷并进行判断是否剔除。以输送模块、图像采集模块、逻辑运算模块、剔除模块构建烟支缺陷检测系统。经实验验证,在实际加工条件下,该系统能有效检测出卷烟表面上的折痕、破损、脏污、水松纸错牙、爆口等缺陷,准确率可达98%,可以满足对工业生产线的在线检测要求。

摘要：Three-dimensional （3D） graphene has recently attracted enormous attention for electrochemical energy storage applications. However, current methods suffer from an inability to simultaneously control and engineer the porosity and morphology of the graphene frameworks. Here, we report the designed synthesis of ordered mesoporous graphene spheres （OMGSs） by transformation of self-assembled Fe3O4 nanocrystal superlattices. The resultant OMGSs have an ultrathin framework comprising few-layered graphene, with highly ordered and interconnected mesoporosity and a high surface area. These advantageous structural and textural features, in combination with the excellent electrical conductivity of the graphitic frameworks, render the OMGSs an ideal and general platform for creating hybrid materials that are well suited for use as composite electrodes in lithium-ion batteries （liBs）. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, SnO2 and GeO2 nanoparticles are incorporated into the OMGSs to afford SnO2@OMGSs and GeO2@OMGSs, respectively, both of which exhibit outstanding lithium storage properties when used as liB anodes.