摘要：The optimization design of the power system is essential for stratospheric airships with paradoxical requirements of high reliability and low weight. The methodology of orthogonal experiment is presented to deal with the problem of the optimization design of the airship's power system. Mathematical models of the solar array, regenerative fuel cell, and power management subsystem (PMS) are presented. The basic theory of the method of orthogonal experiment is discussed, and the selection of factors and levels of the experiment and the choice of the evaluation function are also revealed. The proposed methodology is validated in the optimization design of the power system of the ZhiYuan-2 stratospheric airship. Results show that the optimal configuration is easily obtained through this methodology. Furthermore, the optimal configuration and three sub-optimal configurations are in the Pareto frontier of the design space. Sensitivity analyses for the weight and reliability of the airship's power system are presented.

摘要：The immersed tube tunnel section of the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Link exhibits complex geological conditions and high back sludge strength. The tunnel cushion adopts the gravel and flaky stone combined cushion. The major influencing factors of the mechanical deformation characteristics of the gravel and flaky stone composite cushion are studied through a physical model experiment. The following results are reported.(1) The load–settlement curves of the flaky stone cushion become more compact with a dense increment under the design load. These curves can be regarded as nonlinear mechanical characteristics. The load–settlement curves of the gravel cushion and the gravel and flaky stone composite cushion exhibit the characteristics of a two-stage linear change.(2) The flatness of the top of flaky stone cushion considerably affects settlement and secant modulus. The flatness of the top of flaky stone should be ensured during construction.(3) Gradation and thickness exert no evident effect on the compressibility of a cushion. The preloading pressure caused by the construction height difference of the cushion materials plays an important role in improving the initial stiffness of a cushion and reducing initial settlement and overall settlement.(4) This study investigates the preloading under 30 kPa of the 0.7-m flaky stone and 1.0-m gravel combination cushion. It recommends the following secant modulus values: 48.89 MPa for the section of 0–30 kPa and 10.47 MPa for the section of 30–110 kPa.

摘要：With the development of mobile network technology, mobile Web services have also been more and more attention, but standard Web protocols are not applicable in a mobile environment, so people began to design more efficient, compact and consume less mobile Web services protocol. In the course of research services protocol, a convenient and practical evaluation system will undoubtedly bring great help for the protocol, the paper design of mobile service evaluation system using a graphical way to display a variety of mobile services in the overhead data, system design a lightweight service protocol, and the protocol by the system for evaluation compared with a standard Web.

摘要：Engineering the electrical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)holds great potential for various applications such as sensors,thermoelectric(TE)generators,and hole transport layers in solar *** strategies have been applied to achieve optimal electrical properties,including base solution ***,the working mechanism and the exact details of the structural transformations induced by base post-treatments are still *** this work,we present a comparative study on the post-treatment effects of using three common and green alkali base solutions:namely LiOH,NaOH,and *** structural modifications induced in the film by the base post-treatments are studied by techniques including atomic force microscopy,grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering,ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared spectroscopy,and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared ***-induced structural modifications are responsible for an improvement in the TE power factor of the films,which depends on the basic solution *** results are explained on the basis of the different affinity between the alkali cations and the PSS chains,which determines PEDOT *** results presented here shed light on the structural reorganization occurring in PEDOT:PSS when exposed to high-pH solutions and may serve as inspiration to create future pH-/ion-responsive devices for various applications.

摘要：Nanocatalysts consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)TiO2‐supported ultrafine Pd nanoparticles(Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR)were readily fabricated by gas bubbling‐assisted membrane reduction(GBMR)*** catalysts had a well‐defined and highly ordered macroporous nanostructure with an average pore size of 280 *** addition,ultrafine hemispherical Pd nanoparticles(NPs)with a mean particle size of 1.1 nm were found to be well dispersed over the surface of the 3DOM‐TiO2 support and deposited on the inner walls of the *** nanostructure of the 3DOM‐TiO2 support ensured efficient contact between soot particles and the *** large interface area between the ultrafine Pd NPs and the TiO2 also increased the density of sites for O2 activation as a result of the strong metal(Pd)‐support(TiO2)interaction(SMSI).A Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR catalyst with ultrafine Pd NPs(1.1 nm)exhibited higher catalytic activity during diesel soot combustion compared with that obtained from a specimen having relatively large Pd NPs(5.0 nm).The T10,T50 and T90 values obtained from the former were 295,370 and 415°*** the activity and nanostructure of the Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR catalyst were stable over five replicate soot oxidation *** results suggest that nanocatalysts having a 3DOM structure together with ultrafine Pd NPs can decrease the amount of Pd required,and that this approach has potential practical applications in the catalytic combustion of diesel soot particles.

摘要：The conversion of biomass-derived products to fine chemicals and fuels is extremely important for the utilization of renewable energy *** is not only a by-product formed during the hydrogenation of biomass-derived oxygenated chemicals,but also an inexpensive and nontoxic *** instability of solid catalysts for aqueous-phase reactions caused by metal leaching and the collapse of a catalyst support represents a significant *** this work,various catalyst stabilization strategies including the nanospace and interfacial confinements that prevent sintering and leaching of metal nanoparticles as well as modification methods for increasing the support stability are summarized and systemically *** addition,feasible approaches to designing stable and efficient heterogeneous catalysts for aqueous-phase reactions are proposed.

摘要：In measurement system by means of pulse laser, such as plasma measuring, laser ranging, the amplitude of echoed laser wave is very weak and difficult to detect by traditional analog electronic technology. A digital high speed data acquisition and processing system was designed to meet the accuracy requirement. It adopted high speed AD chip and advantage FPGA chip as core unit. Experiment results have verified this system can reach to 1GHz sample rate and can catch weak echo wave effectively and the measuring accuracy is improved markedly.

摘要：The inter-story drift stiffness considered the semirigidity of beam and column joints connection, and P-Delta second order effect of steel frame parts in the mixed structure is presented in the paper. After considering on the influence of semirigidity between steel beams and steel columns, second order effect of beam-column members for steel frame and structural second order effect, the traditional continuum analytial method used in RC shear-frames wall structure is developed to steel frames-reinforced concrete shear wall mixed structure subject to horizontal load in this paper. A continuum approach, which is suitable for analyzing steel frames-reinforced concrete shear wall mixed structure subject to horizontal load, is presented. The method is relatively simple and more practical. It will be referred to structural design for steel frames-reinforced concrete shear wall mixed structure.

摘要：基于国家数值风洞风雷软件开源框架,设计开发了LES(Large Eddy Simulation)湍流模型,主要包括Fourier谱/有限差分方法 LES求解器和有限体积/有限差分方法 LES求解器。简要介绍了采用的不可压缩流动求解的投影法、Fourier谱/有限差分混合方法、亚格子模型等理论方法,给出设计的软件框架和计算流程,尤其说明采用的松/紧2种耦合模式。通过数值模拟不可压缩槽道湍流、亚临界雷诺数圆柱绕流、NACA0012临界攻角的低频振荡算例,验证求解器的计算精度和复杂湍流模拟能力。基于风雷开源框架设计的开源LES模型,具备高精度数值格式、亚格子模型、湍流统计等通用模块,可为国内学者提供一个LES湍流模拟研究的开放平台。

摘要：在“分析立体主义”绘画中,毕加索破除了传统绘画对“自然形”的认识,从而产生出空间和结构的新概念。在《春之祭》中,斯特拉文斯基通过音响的构建和延展,改变了传统作品结构音乐的方式,开启了现代音乐新的“音响发展史”。文章从音乐作品的艺术素材和技术分析入手,进而讨论斯氏创作的独特思维,最后在此基础上讨论《春之祭》与毕加索“分析立体主义”绘画之联系。