摘要：Sepiolite@LDH(Sep@LDH)composites were designed and prepared based on the assembly of layered double hydroxides(LDH)on acidified sepiolites(Sep)for the simultaneous photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange(MO)and methylene blue(MB).The structure,morphology,texture,optical properties,and photocatalytic performance of the prepared Sep@LDH were studied in *** the Sep@LDH composites,Sep4@LDH(4.0 g Sep)exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity under visible‐light irradiation,which could be attributed to its large surface area,high crystallinity,and plentiful active sites on its *** photodegradation of the dyes followed a pseudo first‐order kinetic model(Langmuir‐Hinshelwood model),indicating that the copious and homogeneous active sites on the surface of the composites contributed to the high photocatalytic *** photodegradation mechanism was studied by examining the active species(^-OH,h+,and·O2^-anions)using appropriate *** was found that·OH radicals played a critical role in the photocatalytic process of MO and MB,where the generation of·OH radicals occurred on the electron/hole(e^-/h+)pairs on the surface of the Sep@LDH composites.

摘要：过渡金属氧化物具有丰富的功能性,但其错综复杂的内部自由度对相图绘制和结构设计提出了挑战.本文中,我们引入了描述相图物理起源的轨道能级序(ELO),并通过对La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_(3)(LSMO)氧化物的研究证明了其在相图预测中的有效性.结合DFT计算和实验,我们构建了氧含量和应变关联的LSMO相图,结果表明LSMO结构稳定性与ELO密切相关.据此发现了一种由ELO演化而产生的四倍氧有序相.最后,我们提出了描述轨道分裂程度的轨道弹性定律,阐明了ELO演化的起源,助力功能氧化物的设计.这项研究拓宽了材料科学领域的性能调控手段,并为从轨道角度预测相图提供了思路.

摘要：In this paper, we present a comprehensive model for the prediction of the evolution of high-speed train wheel profiles due to wear. The model consists of four modules： a multi-body model implemented with the commercial multi-body software SIMPACK to evaluate the dynamic response of the vehicle and track; a local contact model based on Hertzian theory and a novel method, named FaStrip （Sichani et al., 2016）, to calculate the normal and tangential forces, respectively; a wear model proposed by the University of Sheffield （known as the USFD wear function） to estimate the amount of material removed and its distribution along the wheel profile; and a smoothing and updating strategy. A simulation of the wheel wear of the high-speed train CRH3 in service on the Wuhan-Guangzhou railway line was performed. A virtual railway line based on the statistics of the line was used to represent the entire real track. The model was validated using the wheel wear data of the CRH3 operating on the Wuhan- Guangzhou line, monitored by the authors＇ research group. The results of the predictions and measurements were in good agreement.

摘要：目的 为解决卷烟机在生产中细支卷烟时,因搓板加热不均匀导致的水松纸泡皱、皱纹、翘边等质量问题。方法 基于SOLIDWORKS Simulation仿真分析设计了一种400 W+800 W双芯加热搓板装置,代替原有的1 200 W单芯加热搓板装置,并通过仿真分析2种搓板加热装置在设定温度为200℃时的热量分布情况,然后在实际生产中验证改造方案的应用效果。结果 仿真分析的结果表明,400 W+800 W双芯加热搓板装置的热量极限和加热效率都比1 200 W单芯加热搓板装置高,双芯加热能更加快速地达到设定温度,搓板体上的热量分布更均匀,搓板面上的热量分布也更加稳定,温差较小,能够更好地保证卷烟搓接质量的稳定性。实际应用效果显示,使用双芯加热搓板装置后,再也没有出现水松纸泡皱、皱纹、翘边等质量问题。结论 400 W+800 W双芯加热搓板装置具有加热效率高、热量分布均匀、温差小等优点,能更有效地提高卷烟搓接质量,既大大减少了卷接质量事故出现频次和设备停台维修时间,也降低了卷烟生产消耗。

摘要：Cold-stretched pressure vessels from austenitic stainless steels （ASS） are widely used for storage and transportation of liquefied gases, and have such advantages as thin wall and light weight. Fatigue is an important concern in these pressure vessels, which are subjected to alternative loads. Even though several codes and standards have guidelines on these pressure vessels, there are no relevant design methods on fatigue failure.

摘要：以提高并联机构多目标优化设计结果的可靠性为目的。首先根据性能评价指标构建3-PUU并联机构多目标优化设计模型,利用试验设计(DOE)和多目标优化算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)进行确定性多目标优化设计。然后分析量化3-PUU并联机构在设计制造中所涉及到的随机不确定性因素,利用6 Sigma设计(DFSS)方法进行6 Sigma可靠性分析以及考虑随机不确定性因素的6Sigma优化,建立一种有效的考虑不确定性的3-PUU并联机构多目标可靠性优化方法。研究结果表明,考虑不确定因素的多目标优化设计方法得到的优化结果可靠度更高,更加符合实际工程需求。

摘要：为了设计用于监测D-T中子产额的反冲质子望远镜系统,采用MCNP程序模拟了14MeV中子在不同厚度的聚乙烯膜上产生的反冲质子的产额、能谱及角分布,通过对反冲质子的产额、能谱和角分布数据的分析,给出了用于D-T中子产额监测的反冲质子望远镜系统的聚乙烯膜最佳厚度和探测器放置位置。建立了D-T中子源模型,模拟设计了反冲质子望远镜系统,并给出了系统的探测效率。

摘要：为研究陡坡隧洞的泄流能力和洞内水流流态等水力特性与隧洞进口形式的关系,以某水电工程支流导流陡坡长隧洞为例,运用水力计算分析和模型试验验证的方法,分析比较了锐缘进口和曲线进口形式对陡坡隧洞泄流能力和流态的影响。研究表明:采用曲线进口形式可以提高泄流能力,降低围堰高程,但设计工况下洞内流态处于明满交替流状态,不利隧洞结构安全;采用锐缘进口形式,泄流能力有所降低,但可避免洞内出现明满交替流状态。综合比较认为,在围堰规模较小时,设计陡坡隧洞采用锐缘进口更为合理。

摘要：相对于聚合物等储能介质材料,介电陶瓷具有温度稳定性好和循环寿命长的优点,是制备脉冲功率储能电容器的优秀候选材料。但目前介电陶瓷的储能密度相对较低,不能满足脉冲功率设备小型化的要求。因此,如何显著提高介电陶瓷的储能密度成为近年来功能陶瓷研究的热点之一。本文首先介绍了介电储能电容器对陶瓷材料性能的要求,然后结合本课题组的研究工作,评述了BaTiO3基、BiFeO3基、(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3基无铅弛豫铁电陶瓷和(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3基、AgNbO3基无铅反铁电陶瓷储能特性的研究现状,重点阐述了不同材料体系的组分设计思路及相关储能特性,分析了无铅非线性介电储能陶瓷所面临的机遇和挑战,指出了应对策略。最后,展望了下一步的研究方向和内容。

摘要：直接空冷凝汽器的传热性能是火电厂空冷机组优化运行和设计的重要依据。针对实际运行的某典型600 MW直接空冷机组的冷端系统,利用红外热像仪测量了不同空冷凝汽器翅片管束表面的温度分布,并与热电偶测量的温度进行比较分析。发现,受管内蒸汽流向和凝汽器冷却三角内空气流场的综合影响,顺流和逆流凝汽器的壁面温度都表现出从上至下逐渐上升的趋势,为进一步预测凝汽器空气侧流场特性和进行空气侧的传热强化提供了参考;通过实验研究,获得了机组空冷凝汽器单元空气侧传热系数关联式。本文的结果对变工况条件下空冷机组的优化运行以及空冷凝汽器设计的改进具有指导意义。