摘要：The experiments of laser fusion welding with Al-foil addition was carried out for DP590 dual-phase steel and AZ31B magnesium alloy in an overlap steel-on-magnesium *** field was simulated by COMSOL finite element software for steel/magnesium laser fusion *** results show that when Al-foil is added,some defects,such as pores,cracks and softening in heat affected zone(HAZ),can be avoided in welding joint,the bonding strength of steel/magnesium joints is increased,heat transfer between steel and magnesium is *** the case of adding Al-foil,welding pool is divided into two parts,the upper and lower pools contact each other but do not mix,the transition layer at the interface between the upper and lower molten pools mainly contains Al−Fe phases,such as AlFe,Al2Fe and AlFe3,and these new phases are helpful for promoting the metallurgical connection between the upper and lower molten ***,adding Al-foil laser fusion welding is an effective way in joining steel to magnesium alloy.

摘要：Morphology,distribution,composition,forming ability,structural stability and intrinsic mechanical properties of the intermetallic compounds(IMCs)formed in steel/aluminum laser welding were determined through scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer,X-ray diffractometer and first-principles *** was found that the mechanical properties of the joint are limited by the Fe−Al IMCs,whose brittleness is attributed to the orbital hybridization between Al(s),Al(p)and Fe(d).However,the joint properties are improved by adding interlayer,which is ascribed to some changes of electronic structure of the generated *** transition mechanism of IMCs changing from brittle to ductile is mainly due to the weak ability of interlayer elements to attract *** mechanical properties of the joint are closely related to the ductility or brittleness of the ***,the addition of Ti foil interlayer effectively improves the mechanical properties of the joints,which means that the experimental verification is in good agreement with the theoretical calculation predictions.

摘要：采用镁合金在上、钢板在下且添加中间夹层辅助的激光焊接技术,对AZ31B镁合金和DP590双相钢平板试件进行焊接,基于热力学性能和本征力学性质的计算来选择夹层元素,分析添加夹层前后镁/钢接头显微组织和性能的变化。结果表明:添加Sn和Al夹层,接头最大载荷分别为730和590 N,与没有添加夹层相比,分别提高2.04倍和1.46倍;添加Al夹层,接头界面生成脆性较大的Mg_(17)Al_(12)化合物,其限制了镁/钢接头性能提升;而添加Sn夹层,界面生成脆性相对较低的Mg_(2)Sn化合物以及延性Fe_(3)Sn化合物,这是添加Sn夹层镁/钢接头性能高于添加Al夹层的重要原因。

摘要：基于工程化设备,在恒定挤出量条件下,通过调控纺丝温度制备了中间相沥青炭纤维(MPCFs),探究纺丝温度对MPCFs微观结构、力学和导热性能的影响。结果表明:随着纺丝温度由309升高至320℃,MPCFs的微观结构由石墨片层细小的褶皱劈裂辐射状结构逐步向石墨片层粗大的劈裂辐射状结构转变,拉伸强度由2.16增大到3.23 GPa,热导率由704升高到1078 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1)。这主要是因为纺丝温度越高,沥青熔体黏度越小,喷丝口处挤出胀大效应越弱,沥青熔体在喷丝孔流道内形成的微晶取向得以保持,以此制备的炭纤维具有更大的晶体尺寸和更高的微晶取向。

摘要：通过相图计算和气体雾化的方法,设计并制备Al-10Bi-7Zn和Al-10Bi-7Zn-1.5X (X:Cu, Fe, Ni)(质量分数,%)复合粉体。研究Cu、Fe和Ni对Al-Bi-Zn基复合粉体水解制氢性能的影响。通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及能量色散谱(EDS)分析对粉体的组成和形貌进行表征。水解制氢性能测试结果表明,添加Cu、Fe或Ni可以改变Al-10Bi-7Zn三元合金复合粉体的制氢速率,并且提高其抗氧化性能。在四元复合粉体体系中,Al-10Bi-7Zn-1.5Ni表现出最佳的制氢性能,在60℃下与蒸馏水反应时,500 min内的产氢率为75.3%(954.1 m L/g),在储存7 d后(30℃,相对湿度60%),1500 min内保持57.9%(733.7 m L/g)的产氢率。此外,机理研究表明,在Al-Bi-Zn基复合粉体中添加Cu、Fe或Ni可以稳定Al基体,抑制复合粉体在空气中的开裂,保持粉体的高活性。

摘要：搭建了基于气体折射率方法的气体压力测量装置,测量区间为10—100 k Pa,采用双腔比对方法对装置进行了检验.通过将两个真空腔体分别控温,并且真空连通,保证了两个腔内气体压力相同.以高纯氮气(6N)为气体介质,在不同气体压力条件下,得到了双腔对比测量的初步结果.结果显示,基于光学方法的气体折射率压力计重复度高于30×10^(-6),显著好于商用电容式薄膜压力计,说明该方法具有很大潜力.本文还分析了测量中的误差来源,并计划通过改进系统设计以提高测量精度.

摘要：The electronic structures and mechanical properties of Al4Sr, Mg2Sr and Mg23Sr6 phases were determined by the use of first-principles calculations. The calculated heat of formation and cohesive energy indicate that Al4Sr has the strongest alloying ability as well as the highest structural stability. The elastic parameters were calculated, and then the bulk modulus, shear modulus, elastic modulus and Poisson ratio were derived. The ductility and plasticity were discussed. The results show that Al4Sr and Mg2Sr phases both are ductile, on the contrary, Mg23Sr6 is brittle, and among the three phases, Mg2Sr is a phase with the best plasticity.

摘要：文中基于混沌吸引子周期轨道理论的频域分析概念和矩阵分析原理,提出了一种混沌系统基波频率变换方法.基于该方法对Lorenz和Chua系统分别进行了不同基频的硬件电路参数设计,并对其产生的信号频谱进行了测试,实验结果验证了此基频变换方法的正确性.文中还讨论了混沌系统不可预测性的估计算法,提出了回归频度的改进计算式,并对所设计的3 kHz基频的Lorenz和Chua电路的不可预测性强弱进行了比较分析,结果表明所提出的改进计算式提高了不同混沌系统不可预测性强弱的评估准确度.

摘要：差示扫描量热法(DSC)是高分子物理实验课程中的一个经典项目。传统的DSC教学实验通常只是孤立地测试聚合物样品的熔点或玻璃化转变温度,实验内容单一,缺乏系统性。本文通过对该实验原有内容的整合扩充,围绕该技术在高分子物理研究中的应用,设计了多套综合性实验项目包括热转变,物理老化,结晶度测定以及相容性表征的实验。该实验的设置可以使学生充分了解DSC分析的原理方法,学会使用该方法系统研究聚合物的分子运动与转变,激发学生的学习热情,培养学生综合利用高分子物理知识进行分析问题和解决问题的能力。

摘要：为解决轧机主传动系统实际测试中不可测点处物理参数测取的难题,构造了一类连续轴段质量扭振分析模型,并推导出轴段上盲测点处的扭振参数计算公式。通过把实测点的测试数据代入盲测点计算公式,可计算盲测点的振动参数。轧机实际现场扭矩测试和数据分析处理结果验证了理论推导的正确性。这为轧机现场监测中一些不易布置传感器关键点处的物理量测取提供了理论依据和技术支持,通过编制程序可以实现轧机在线系统监测和故障分析,从而确保轧机正常平稳运行。